李小燕 张雷 牛芬菊 李胜克 邸维利 许小珍

摘要：在“一膜用两年”栽培方式下，对引进的9个胡麻新品种（系）在榆中县旱地进行了引种试验。结果表明，参试品种以张亚2号折合产量最高，为2 172.22 kg/hm2，较对照品种陇亚14号增产40.14%;陇亚15号次之，折合产量为2 011.11 kg/hm2，较对照品种陇亚14号增产29.75%。2个品种的主要经济性状均优于对照品种陇亚14号，可在榆中县旱作区及山旱地种植。

关键词：胡麻;新品种（系）;旱地;引种试验;榆中县

中图分类号：S563.2       文献标志码：A       文章编号：1001-1463（2021）01-0065-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.01.014

Abstract：In order to study the changes of physicochemical indexs and antioxidant activities of Apple Jiaosu during natural fermentation process and clarify the health function mechanism of malenzyme， the dynamic changes of the soluble solids content， pH， total acid content， ethanol content， DPPH free radicals， hydroxyl free radicals， superoxide anion free radicals， and ABTS free radicals were investigated. The results showed that the soluble solid content and pH value decreased gradually with the extension of fermentation time. After 90 days of fermentation， the soluble solid content dropped to 4.5 °Brix and the pH dropped to 3.06， which were reduced by 70% and 32% respectively compared with the initial stage of fermentation. The total acid content gradually increased， increased to 42.9 g/L after 90 days， and increased 98%. the ethanol content first increased and then decreased， it was achieved to 1.0 g/L， after 90 days， and complied with regulations of QB/T5323-2018. The antioxidant activities were reached the better in fermentation to 75～90 days. The free radical scavenging rates of DPPH and hydroxyl were reached to 86.16% and 79.03% after 90 days， and increased 44.5% and 45.53%， respectively. The superoxide anion and ABTS were peaked at fermentation 75 days（65.06% and 69.04%， respectively），which were increased 39.12% and 46.47%. The study would provide some theoretical basis for further elucidating the health function mechanism and comprehensive development of Apple Jiaosu.

Key words：Apple Jiaosu;Natural fermentation;Physicochemical indexs;Antioxidant activities

胡麻具有較强的抗旱、耐寒、耐瘠薄能力和生长期短、适应性强等特性，在甘肃省胡麻生产中占据重要地位[1 ]。胡麻油可以提高身体的抵抗力和免疫能力，具有抗衰老、美容、补中益气等作用。随着胡麻籽粒中α-亚麻酸、膳食纤维等品质性状的研究和加工利用技术的成熟，以胡麻为原料进行保健食品以及化妆品的加工已成研究热点[2 ]。近年来，逐步成为榆中县山旱区的优势作物和农民经济收入的主要来源， 播种面积0.67万hm2左右， 占农作物播种面积的9.4%。但由于干旱气候的制约， 胡麻产量低而不稳。2019年，榆中县农业技术推广中心对引进的9个胡麻新品种（系）进行了试验，旨在筛选出适宜当地不同区域的高产、抗逆胡麻新品种，现报道如下。

1   材料与方法

1.1   试验地概况

试验于2019年在榆中县连搭乡石头沟国家级旱作农业示范区的旱地进行。当地海拔1 970 m，年均气温7.4 ℃，生育期降水量305.7 mm，无霜期平均139 d，光照条件好[3 ]，早霜来临时间为9月10日，晚霜来临时间为4月20日。……