摘 要：为探索富硒土壤中不同石灰用量对水稻吸收硒元素的影响，采用大田试验的方法研究不同石灰用量对水稻产量、水稻含硒量以及土壤有效含硒量的影响。结果表明：随着石灰用量的增加，水稻各分别部位硒含量和土壤有效態硒含量都增加，其中以L2250和L3000处理的效果较好，土壤有效硒比对照分别增加144.0%、196.7%，稻米中硒含量达到富硒水平，分别为0.041mg·kg-1、0.046mg·kg-1，比对照处理稻米硒含量分别提高26.8%、44.3%。高量的石灰处理不但能提高土壤有效硒含量，还能促进水稻对硒的吸收。水稻不同部位硒含量从大到小的排序为：稻草>稻壳>稻米。稻米中硒含量与土壤有效硒含量呈极显著相关（r=0.795，P<0.01），土壤中有效硒含量与土壤pH值呈极显著相关（r=0.889，P<0.01）。在实际生产中，建议采用高量石灰（2250～3000kg·hm-2）处理方式，不仅能提高土壤有效硒含量，也能使稻米中硒的含量达到富硒水平。

关键词：石灰;水稻;全硒;有效硒

中图分类号 S511文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）03-0088-04

Effects of Different Dosage of Lime on Selenium Absorption in Rice

ZHANG Feng′e

（Management Committee of Fujian Liancheng Farmer Pioneer Park， Liancheng 366200， China）

Abstract： In order to explore the effects of different lime dosage on selenium absorption in rice，field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different lime dosage on rice yield，selenium content in rice and effective selenium content in soil. The results showed that with the increase of dosage of lime，each part of the rice and soil selenium content in effective state selenium content increased，among them with L2250 and L3000 treatment effect is good，soil effective selenium increase 144.0% and 196.7% than CK，selenium content in rice were rich selenium，0.041mg·kg-1 and 0.046 mg·kg-1，selenium content increased by 26.8% and 44.3% than the control processing of rice，high quantity of lime treatment not only can improve the soil selenium content，also can promote the absorption of rice of selenium. Order of selenium content in different parts of rice：rice straw > rice husk>rice.The selenium content in rice was significantly correlated with the effective selenium content in soil （r=0.795，P<0.01），while the effective selenium content in soil was significantly correlated with the pH value of soil （r=0.889，P<0.01）.In actual production，it is recommended to adopt the treatment of high amount of lime （2250～3000kg·hm-2），which can improve the effective selenium content in soil and make the selenium content in rice reach the selenium rich level.

Key words： Lime; Rice; All the selenium; Effective selenium

硒作为人体必需的微量元素之一，参与机体正常的免疫功能[1]。人体自身无法合成硒，所需的硒只能从食物中摄取。而植物通过同化作用将自然界中吸收的无机硒转化为人体能直接吸收利用的有机硒，是人和动物摄入硒的最重要的直接硒源。研究发现，全世界有2/3的地区缺硒，而中国有近72%的县（市）存在不同程度的缺硒，其中1/3为严重缺硒区，约有1亿多人口的膳食结构中硒含量不足，造成人体低硒状态[2-3]。土壤有效硒是作物容易吸收的硒，影响土壤有效硒的因子有很多，其中土壤pH值是对土壤有效硒影响较为显著的因子之一。已有的一些研究表明，pH值越高，土壤有效硒的含量越高。

水稻是我国重要的粮食作物之一，全国部分省市大米的含硒量在0.011～0.055mg·kg-1，大米硒含量多数都低于食物硒含量临界值0.04mg·kg-1，属于缺硒大米[4]。因此，提……