冯邦朝　梁晓婷　刘姻婷

摘 要：以废弃的桑枝为主料、豆粕为氮源进行配方试验，比较不同配方栽培袋的杏鲍菇菌丝生长速度及子实体产量的差异。结果表明，以桑枝为主料的7个配方中，杏鲍菇菌丝生长和产量虽有一定差异，但都能正常生长。配方7以麦麸为氮源，菌丝生长速度最慢，但菌丝浓密粗壮，产量最高;以豆粕为氮源的处理菌丝生长速度较快，但产量均较以麦麸为氮源的低，说明麦麸是栽培杏鲍菇较好的氮源。豆粕比例在9%时，菌丝产量达到最高，说明豆粕含氮量较高，实际栽培中可使用较低比例。

关键词：桑枝;豆粕;栽培配方;杏鲍菇

中图分类号 S646.1 文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）03-0021-03

Study on the Cultivation Formula of Pleurotus Eryngii with Mulberry Branch as Main Material and Soybean Meal as Nitrogen Source

FENG Bangchao et al.

（College of Agriculture and Food Engineering， Baise University， Baise 533000， China）

Abstract： Formulation test was carried out with discarded mulberry branch as main material and soybean meal as nitrogen source to compare the difference of mycelial growth rate and fruiting body yield of Pleuritus eryngii with different formula cultivation bags. The results showed that the mycelial growth and yield of Pleuritus eryngii in the 7 formulas with mulberry branch as the main material were different， but all of them could grow normally. In formula 7， wheat bran was used as the nitrogen source， the mycelium growth rate was the slowest， but the mycelium was thick and strong， and the yield was the highest. The growth rate of mycelia treated with soybean meal as nitrogen source was faster， but the yield was lower than that with wheat bran as nitrogen source， indicating that wheat bran was a better nitrogen source for cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii. When the proportion of soybean meal was 9%， the yield of mycelia reached the highest， indicating that the nitrogen content of soybean meal was higher， and a lower proportion could be used in actual cultivation.

Key words： Mulberry branch; Soybean meal; Cultivation of formula; Pleurotus eryngii

杏鮑菇又名刺芹侧耳，因其子实体具有杏仁香、肉厚似鲍鱼而得名，又因其子实体色泽白、质地嫩脆，故也有“雪茸”“干贝菇”“平菇王”“草原上的美味牛肝菌”等美誉[1]，是近几年市场上流行的食用菌之一。杏鲍菇的栽培料主要为木屑、玉米秆等。近年来，随着食用菌产能的不断扩大，一些栽培料价格不断上涨，栽培成本也相应增加。为降低生产成本，从生态保护的角度出发，遵循可持续发展战略，寻找更多适合栽培杏鲍菇的材料，具有重要的现实意义[2]。广西百色市已形成一定规模的种桑养蚕产业，桑树资源丰富，每年都有大量的修剪枝条被遗弃在田间地头，严重浪费了桑枝资源并污染了环境。利用废弃桑枝培育杏鲍菇，不仅可以降低生产成本，而且可以解决桑枝的处置问题，实现废弃桑枝的综合利用，既能促进农民增收又保护了生态环境。……