魏萌涵 宋慧 王素英 刘海萍 邢璐 解慧芳 王淑君 刘金荣

摘要 钙依赖蛋白激酶（CDPK）是一类主要的钙信号感受器，对钙信号的感知和解码起重要调控作用。为揭示CDPK在谷子生长发育和抗逆防御机制中的作用，该研究利用生物信息学的方法，从谷子基因组中鉴定出28个SiCPKs基因，对这些家族成员的基因结构、系统进化、染色体定位、基因复制及其所编码蛋白的理化性质进行系统生物信息学分析。结果表明，该研究鉴定出的28个SiCPKs基因所编码的氨基酸长度为51.82～68.32 kD，等电点为4.97～9.01，氨基酸序列绝大多数含有4个EF-Hand功能域且高度保守;基因结构预测结果表明，大多数SiCPK基因均含有6～8个外显子，染色体定位结果表明，28个SiCPKs基因分别定位在8条染色体上，其中9号染色体上最多（6个），4号染色体上没有;为了进一步分析谷子和其他物种的同源进化关系，构建了谷子与拟南芥、水稻、莱茵衣藻、小立碗藓的CDPK进化树，发现莱茵衣藻与小立碗藓单独聚类，谷子与水稻的亲缘关系比拟南芥近;共线性分析表明，谷子与水稻基因间存在串联重复和片段重复，它们是谷子CDPK家族成员扩张的主要动力。综上所述，谷子28个CDPK基因在进化上分为4个亚家族，基因结构的复杂程度与进化树聚类存在联系，串联复制是基因家族成员扩增的进化途径之一。

关键词 CDPK基因;基因鉴定;系统进化;谷子;生物信息学

中图分类号 S188 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）01-0083-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.01.022

Abstract As one of the Ca2+ sensors，calcium-dependent protein kinase （CDPK） plays vital roles in Ca2+ signal perception and decoding.A genome-wide analysis of SiCPK genes was performed in this study.Twenty-eight SiCPK genes were identified to analyze the properties，gene structure，chromosomal location，system evolution，and the expression of these genes.As the results indicate，the molecular weight was 51.82-68.32 kD，the isoelectric point was 4.97-9.01.Most SiCPK protein contains four EF-Hand functional domains and highly conservative.Gene structure analysis indicated that most of these SiCPK genes share a similar intron-exon structure （6-8 exons）.The SiCPK genes were found to be unevenly distributed on chromosomes.For instance，6 SiCPK genes were found on chromosome 9，while none were found on chromosomes 4.In order to further analyze the homologous evolution relationship of Setaria italica and other species，the evolutionary tree was built.The result showed that Chlamydomonas reinhartii and Physcomitrella patens were separately clustered，CDPK in millet （Setaria italic） and relative rice were clustered together.Collinearity analysis showed that tandem duplication and segmental duplication existed in millet and rice CDPK genes，which caused genetic expansion.In conclusion，the twenty-eight SiCPK genes were clustered 4 subgroups，the complexity of the genetic structure and the evolutionary tree had a relationship，and the family members were recruited by chromosome replication.

Key words CDPK;Gene identification;Systematic evolution;Setaria italic;Bioinformatics

植物在適应各种环境条件的过程中，形成了复杂的网络信号通路，Ca2+作为胞内第二信使在信号转导通路中起着重要的作用[1]。……