基于GIS的旅游古镇生态敏感性分析与评价
2021-03-01李巍郭莉盼
李巍 郭莉盼



摘要 以蘭州青城古镇为研究区,采用GIS空间分析技术与AHP分析法,从土壤侵蚀敏感性、水环境敏感性、生境敏感性3个方面展开,共选取5个生态子因子构建评价指标体系,对青城古镇的生态敏感性进行综合分析与评价。结果显示:青城古镇的生态敏感性总体较高,空间分异较大,呈北低南高的分异特征。全域综合生态敏感性分为低度敏感区、中度敏感区与高度敏感区3个等级,各区面积占比为32.51%、25.62%、41.87%。研究显示,青城古镇生态敏感性程度受地形地貌、植被覆盖度与水系3类因子影响较大;镇域北部黄河谷地与南部黄土梁峁山区周围敏感性较高,而北部中心镇区周围及西南部五大坪附近敏感性较低。
关键词 生态敏感性;GIS;空间分析;青城古镇
中图分类号 X321 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)03-0076-05
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.03.021
Abstract The study takes Qingcheng Town of Lanzhou City as the study area, applying GIS spatial analysis and AHP analysis method. Then, selects a total of five ecological subfactors from the three aspects of soil erosion sensitivity, water environment sensitivity and habitat sensitivity to construct an evaluation index system. Finally, conducts a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the ecological sensitivity of Qingcheng Town. The results show that the ecological sensitivity of the Qingcheng Town is generally high and reflects the spatial differentiation characteristics of the north low and south high. The ecological sensitivity of the study area is divided into three grades: mildly sensitive, moderately sensitive, highly sensitive, respectively accounting for 32.51%, 25.62% and 41.87% of the total study area. The results show that the ecological sensitivity of Qingcheng Town is greatly affected by three factors, such as geomorphology, vegetation coverage and water system. There is a high ecological sensitivity around the Yellow River valley in the north and the loess ridge mountain area in the south of the town domain, however, the ecological sensitivity is low around the central town area in the northern part of the town and near five big daping land in the southwest.
Key words Ecological sensitivity;GIS;Spatial analysis;Qingcheng Town
党的十九大报告提出了“加快生态文明体制改革,建设美丽中国”。习近平同志指出“良好生态环境是最公平的公共产品,是最普惠的民生福祉”。可以看出城镇生态环境治理愈加被重视,这也突出了乡村振兴战略中提出的“生态宜居”的重要地位。近年来,全国各地为了响应乡村振兴战略,旅游城镇开发建设已成为热潮,这将对乡村经济的发展具有明显的推动作用,但同时也有系列的生态环境问题出现。因此分析旅游地的生态敏感性,一方面可以更好地促进旅游开发建设,为城镇发展带来更高的经济效益,另一方面能够有效改善生态环境治理现状,促进区域的可持续发展[1]。……
