APP下载

面向海上动目标的小卫星侦察系统效能仿真

2021-02-19王波清

现代信息科技 2021年13期

摘  要:针对海上作战中对海洋动目标的航天侦察需求,为有效提高获取信息的准确性和时效性,设计并提出以搭载不同载荷的小卫星为核心,适用于短期战术任务的联合侦察卫星系统。为有效评估系统的侦察效能,文章构建了相关的评估指标体系,并基于STK与MATLAB的联合仿真程序,综合MATLAB解析建模和STK轨道仿真的优势,通过仿真实例对系统的侦察效能进行分析研究,为系统的设计优化提供参考依据。

关键词:小卫星;侦察效能;STK;MATLAB

中图分类号:TP391.9;V474.2+7    文献标识码:A文章编号:2096-4706(2021)13-0042-04

Effectiveness Simulation of Small Satellite Reconnaissance System for Marine Moving Targets

WANG Boqing

(Graduate School, PLA Strategic Support Force University of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing  101416, China)

Abstract: Aiming at the aerospace reconnaissance requirements of marine moving targets in maritime operations, in order to effectively improve the accuracy and timeliness of information, this paper design and propose a joint reconnaissance satellite system with small satellites carrying different loads as the core and suitable for short-term tactical missions. In order to effectively evaluate the reconnaissance efficiency of the system, this paper build the relevant evaluation index system, based on the joint simulation program of STK and MATLAB, this paper combining the advantages of MATLAB analytical modeling and STK track simulation, analyzing and studying the reconnaissance efficiency of the system through simulation examples, so as to provide reference basis for system design optimization.

Keywords: small satellite; reconnaissance efficiency; STK; MATLAB

0  引  言

隨着智能化海上作战对获取目标信息的准确性和时效性要求不断提高,航天侦察监视系统的重要性日益突出,而传统空间系统更侧重全球覆盖,响应时间长,不适合执行战术侦察任务,在实时支援海上作战上将面临诸多限制和困难。针对这一问题,本文开展了基于小卫星的联合侦察系统效能仿真研究,小卫星侦察系统即针对预定侦察区域,通过快速部署多颗不同载荷的低成本小卫星,构建可灵活重构、优势互补的联合侦察卫星星座,在空间形成组网,实现对区域的快速覆盖,短时间内有效提高侦察效能。

1  小卫星侦察系统设计

1.1  有效载荷选取

有效载荷是形成侦察效能的第一要素,直接影响系统的设计方案。以100千克级的模块化小卫星作为基本平台,通过通用接口可与有效载荷快速集成,搭载小型固体火箭实现快速发射,快速入轨应用。

下文以大型舰船为侦察目标,结合海上动目标特性,选取系统成员卫星的有效载荷:

登录APP查看全文