李因勇

【摘 要】目的：探讨二胎高龄产妇产后6周～8周经会阴盆底超声检查盆底功能现状及其影响因素。方法：2019年1月至2020年12月间在本院分娩的二胎高龄产妇218例，超声检查产后盆底组织功能异常（PFD）情况分为PFD组121例、非PFD组97例。结果：PFD组的具体值大于非PFD组（P<0.05）。分娩方式、孕期增重、胎儿数量的分布差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Logistics回归分析显示，顺产/阴道助产、孕期增重≥15kg、多胎是二胎高龄产妇产后6周～8周PFD发生的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：二胎高龄产妇产后6周～8周超声诊断PFD的比例较高，顺产/阴道助产、孕期增重≥15kg、多胎是PFD发生的独立危险因素。

【关键词】二胎高龄产妇；经会阴盆底超声检查；盆底功能；影响因素

Analysis of the current status of pelvic floor function and its influencing factors in pelvic floor ultrasound examination of the second child’s elder parturient 6-8 weeks postpartum

Li Yinyong

The First People’s Hospital of Zaoyang， Zaoyang Hubei 441200， China

【Abstract】Objective： To investigate the current status of pelvic floor function and its influencing factors in the pelvic floor ultrasound examination of the second child’s elder parturient 6～8 weeks postpartum. Methods： Between January 2019 and December 2020， 218 elderly women with second births who gave birth in this hospital were divided into PFD group with 121 cases and non-PFD group with 97 cases of postpartum pelvic floor tissue dysfunction （PFD） after ultrasound examination. Results： The specific value of the PFD group was greater than that of the non-PFD group （P<0.05）. The distribution of delivery methods， weight gain during pregnancy， and number of fetuses were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Logistics regression analysis showed that spontaneous delivery/vaginal delivery， weight gain during pregnancy ≥15kg， and multiple births were independent risk factors for PFD at 6～8 weeks postpartum in older women with second birth（P<0.05）. Conclusion： The rate of ultrasound diagnosis of PFD in 6～8 weeks postpartum of the second-born elder women is higher. Spontaneous delivery/vaginal delivery ， weight gain during pregnancy ≥15kg and multiple births are independent risk factors for PFD.

【Key？Words】Second-born elder parturient； Transperineal pelvic floor ultrasound； Pelvic floor function； Influencing factors

超聲检查可清晰观察盆底结构特点并进行功能评估，无创且价格较低，临床产妇的接受度高[1]，本研究选择本院二胎高龄产妇作为研究主体，探讨其产后近期超声盆底功能状态以及相关影响因素，旨在为后续同类产妇的盆底功能异常进行筛查并早期采取针对性干预措施、最终优化其生活质量。

1.1 一般资料

收集2019年1月至2020年12月间在本院分娩的二胎高龄产妇218例，均于产后6周～8周在本院行盆底超声检查，纳入标准：（1）二胎，年龄35岁～50岁；（2）临床资料完整、配合相关检查，本人签署知情同意书。排除标准：（1）既往盆腔手术史；（2）合并泌尿系感染；（3）慢性咳嗽史、激素替代治疗史。本研究通过医院伦理委员会审核批准。

1.2 经会阴盆底超声检查方法及盆底功能评估

所有入组产妇经接受会阴二维/四维超声检查，选择飞利浦EPIQ 5超声诊断系统，三维容积探头频率为1.8MHz～8.2MHz。……