汪驭敏 张硕 刘树鑫

摘要我们在对教科版《科学》四年级下册“岩石与土壤”单元进行试教的过程中发现，教材对岩石、矿物和土壤的内容进行了整合，使岩石与土壤之间紧密地串联起来，条理非常清晰。本文从观察实验材料的准备、科学实践活动的指导和试教体会三个方面对本单元的试教进行总结。通过本单元的学习，学生了解了岩石、矿物、土壤的相关知识，学习了探究岩石、土壤的方法，发展了科学实践能力，形成了良好的合作学习的意识，激发了他们继续学习地质学的兴趣。学生切实感受到了岩石、矿物、土壤在我们生活中的用途及价值，能够理性地认识这些自然资源对人类的意义，树立保护自然资源的意识。

关键词 实验材料准备 实践活动指导 试教体会

中图分类号：G424文献标识码：ADOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.18.017

Report on Unit Teaching of“Rock and Soil”

WANG Yumin[1]， ZHANG Shuo[2]， LIU Shuxin[3]

（[1] Tianjin Heping District Teacher Development Center， Tianjin 300020；

[2] Yueyangdao Primary School， Tianjin 300020；

[3] Wanquandao Primary School， Tianjin 300020）

Abstract： During the trial teaching of the unit "rock and soil" in the second volume of the fourth grade of science of education and Science Edition， we found that the contents of rock， mineral and soil were integrated in the textbook， so that the rock and soil were closely connected， and the organization was very clear. This pa？ per summarizes the experimental teaching of this unit from three aspects： the preparation of experimental materi？ als， the guidance of scientific practice activities and the experience of experimental teaching. Through the study of this unit， the students understand the relevant knowledge of rocks， minerals and soil， learn the methods of ex？ ploring rocks and soil， develop their scientific practice ability， form a good sense of cooperative learning， and stimulate their interest in learning geology. Students can feel the use and value of rocks， minerals and soil in our life， rationally understand the significance of these natural resources to human beings， and establish the awareness of protecting natural resources.

Keywords： preparation of experimental materials； practical activity guidance； experience of trial teaching

我們在对教科版《科学》四年级下册“岩石与土壤”单元进行试教的过程中发现，教材对岩石、矿物和土壤的内容进行了整合，使岩石与土壤之间紧密地串联起来，条理非常清晰。下面从观察实验材料的准备、科学实践活动的指导和试教体会三个方面对本单元的试教进行总结。

观察实验材料的准备

本单元的教学选择了典型且有层次的实验材料，可以让学生的课堂学习更加有效，因此，师生共同精心准备好课上所需的观察材料是十分必要的。由于岩石与土壤标本种类繁多，本单元的学习又是有选择性的，教师虽然鼓励学生多搜集岩石、矿物、土壤样本，但他们搜集到的种类和数量往往不能满足教学的需要，教师应当适度补充。……