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杜鹃兰无根苗生根与组培苗移栽研究

2020-12-21王跃华陈芳陈燕马涛石鑫张益菠

安徽农业科学 2020年22期

王跃华 陈芳 陈燕 马涛 石鑫 张益菠

摘要 以杜鹃兰无根苗为材料,通过正交试验考察基本培养基类型、植物生长调节剂和活性炭3个因素对杜鹃兰无根苗生根的影响,最终获得杜鹃兰不定根诱导的最适条件,并通过将组培苗移栽至不同的基质中对杜鹃兰组培苗驯化进行研究。结果表明,杜鹃兰无根苗不定根诱导的最优培养基为1/2MS+ IBA 0.3 mg/L+活性炭0.5 g/L;將获得的杜鹃兰组培苗移栽,草炭泥∶蛭石(1∶3)基质最适合用于杜鹃兰组培苗驯化,成活率最高达95.50%;用草炭泥∶锯末(1∶3)作为驯化基质,因价廉易得,可用于规模化组培苗驯化。

关键词 杜鹃兰;无根苗;生根;组培苗;移栽

中图分类号 S567文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2020)22-0172-02

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.22.045

Study on Rooting and Transplanting of Rootless Seedling of Cremastra appendiculata

WANG Yue-hua,CHEN Fang,CHEN Yan et al

(School of Biological Engineering,Chengdu University, Chengdu,Sichuan 610106)

Abstract Using rootless seedlings of Cremastra appendiculata as materials, the effects of basic medium type, plant growth regulator and activated carbon on the rooting of rootless seedlings of Cremastra appendiculata were investigated by using orthogonal test. The optimum conditions for adventitious rooting induction of Cremastra appendiculata were obtained. The transplanting of Cremastra appendiculata plantlets was studied by using different substrates. The results showed that the optimal medium for adventitious roots induction of Cremastra appendiculata was 1/2MS+IBA 0.3 mg/L + AC 0.5 g/L. The seedlings obtained from tissue culture were transplanted into substrate including peat mud∶vermiculite (1∶3), with the highest survival rate of 95.50%. It can be used for large-scale tissue culture seedlings domestication because of the low cost and easy availability of peat mud and vermiculite.

Key words Cremastra appendiculata;Rootless seedling;Rooting;Tissue culture seedling;Transplant

基金项目  四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2019YFN0090);四川省科技创新苗子工程项目(2018033)。

作者简介 王跃华(1963—),女,辽宁丹东人,教授,硕士,从事药用植物生物技术研究。

收稿日期 2020-04-14

杜鹃兰(Cremastra appendiculata(D.Don)Makino)为兰科杜鹃兰属多年生珍稀药用植物,为药材山慈菇、毛慈姑的原料[1]。现已经从杜鹃兰植物中分离出80余种化合物,包括生物碱、苄类、菲类、苷元、萜类和甾体类等成分,还含有少量的黄烷酮类、木质素类和酚类等化学成分[2-6]。主要分布在东亚地区,我国贵州、四川、云南、西藏、广东、湖北、湖南、河南、江西、浙江、台湾、安徽、江苏、山西、陕西和甘肃等地均有分布,集中在贵州、四川等地[7-9]。由于兰科植物存在繁殖障碍,繁殖系数极低,资源再生速度极慢,加之对野生资源的过度采挖,造成资源储存量骤减。人工种植方面,由于种苗极其短缺,且栽培技术鲜少有人进行系统的研究[10]。……

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