蔬菜秸秆基质对黄瓜生长和产量的影响
2020-12-21杨晓磊朱恩王站付林天杰
杨晓磊 朱恩 王站付 林天杰



摘要 研究蔬菜秸秆制作基质进行蔬菜种植的可行性和科学性,以确定合理蔬菜基质配方,从而提供秸秆可资源化利用途径。经过前期摸索和物料检测结果,优化选择3个栽培基质配方在黄瓜上开展田间试验。结果发现,秸秆腐熟物制作基质与常规基质对黄瓜生长发育和产量有一定影响,对照处理的烟粉虱发生率高于其他处理,霜霉病发病率低于其他处理。因此从生长情况、产量和病虫害发生综合分析,最佳配方为处理③(蔬菜秸秆∶草炭∶珍珠岩=20%∶60%∶20%)。
关键词 蔬菜秸秆;基质;黄瓜
中图分类号 S642.2文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2020)22-0155-02
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.22.040
Effects of Different Vegetable Straw Substrates on Growth and Yield of Cucumber
YANG Xiao-lei, ZHU En, WANG Zhan-fu et al
(Shanghai Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Shanghai 201103)
Abstract In order to clear the recipe and the way of straw resource utilization, the feasibility and scientific nature of vegetable planting by using the vegetable straw substrate were studied. By prophase research and analysis of the materials,the best composition matrix ratio was chosen from three treatments and one control check on cucumber plants. Different proportions of substrate had some influence on the growth of cucumber. The incidence of Bemisia tabaci was highest on the control check, but the incidence of downy mildew was lowest. The best composite matrix ratio for vegetable straw substrate to cucumber growth was treatment ③ (vegetable straw∶ peat∶ pearlite=20%∶60%∶20%).
Key words Vegetable straw;Substrate;Cucumber
基金项目 沪农科推字(〔2018〕第4-13号)。
作者简介 杨晓磊(1982—),女,上海人,高级农艺师,从事农业环境保护、土壤和肥料研究。
收稿日期 2020-04-16
近几年,上海市大力开展蔬菜秸秆综合利用,将蔬菜秸秆变废为宝成为一种土壤有机质资源,来源广泛、价格低廉的有机废弃物作为栽培基质成为一个有利于农业绿色生态和可持续发展的新方向[1]。研究表明,秸秆基质中含有丰富的矿质元素、有机质、有益微生物,将秸秆基质中加入草炭或蛭石可明显改善秸秆基质的理化性状,能促进黄瓜的生长发育,从而提高了其产量和品质[2-5]。关于上海市将蔬菜秸秆作为
蔬菜基质的研究较少,笔者采用芦笋秸秆进行堆沤腐熟
后,与其他物料混合作为黄瓜栽培基质,以确定蔬菜秸秆作
为无土栽培基质的可行性,以提供蔬菜秸秆资源化利用的有效途径。……
