张婕

摘  要：我国将在2020年全面建成小康社会，基本实现了不让一个学生因家庭经济困难而失学的庄严承诺。在全面进入小康社会时代，高校学生资助工作也由保障型资助向发展型资助转变。在高校学生资助工作过程中发现，贫困文化对家庭经济困难学生的心态影响是长久和深远的，造成许多贫困学生出现不同程度的认知偏差和负性情绪等。文章主要从经济学、社会学和心理学角度分析贫困文化的成因，并从行为决策、心理健康和价值观念三个角度探讨贫困文化给家庭经济困难学生带来的影响。从经济资助保障、关注心理健康、实现价值引领和充分促进就业等四个方面，探讨破壁贫困文化的实践路径，为高校学生资助工作提供一种思路和现实参考。

关键词：贫困文化;精准扶贫;家庭经济困难学生;资助育人

中图分类号：G640 文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2020）35-0071-05

Abstract： In 2020， China will build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way， and the government has made good on its solemn promise not to let a single student drop out of school due to family financial difficulties. In the era of a well-off society， the financial aid for college students has also changed from economic aid to developmental aid. In the process of college student financial aid， the poverty culture has a long-term and far-reaching impact on the mentality of students from poor families， resulting in different degrees of cognitive biases and negative emotions of many poor students. This paper mainly analyzes the formation of poverty culture from the perspectives of economics， sociology and psychology， and probes into the influence of poverty culture on students coming from poor families from the perspectives of behavioral decision-making， mental health and values. Moreover， this paper discusses the practice path of the broken wall poverty culture from the four aspects of financial aid guarantee， paying attention to mental health， realizing value guidance and fully promoting employment， so as to provide a kind of thinking and practical reference for college students' support.

Keywords： poverty culture; targeted poverty reduction; impoverished college students; subsidized education

改革开放以来，我国减贫效果显著，在做好经济扶贫的基础上，也应关注贫困对个体精神状态和心理健康的影响。贫困问题作为经济学和社会学的一个重要课题，在其相关领域已被众多学者研究，本文将聚焦贫困文化在学生资助工作中呈现与影响。高校学生资助工作主要面向的群体是家庭经济困难学生，这部分学生已经通过自身努力实现了人生重大跨越，他们进入大学校园开始全新的生活和学习时，担负着经济压力的同时也面临着文化冲突等多方面的挑战。本文以贫困文化理论为起点，探寻贫困文化在个体心理与行为中的呈现方式，从现实工作的角度出发讨论如何破壁与消解贫困文化负面影响的路径，分析破壁贫困文化在高校资助育人工作中的重要作用。……