高飞

【摘要】 目的：探究双相情感障碍患者抑郁首发和躁狂首发的临床特点。方法：选取2018年1月-2019年1月126例双相情感障碍患者资料进行分析，按照首次发作形式分为抑郁首发组（n=66）和躁狂首发组（n=60）。对两组躁狂发作次数、抑郁发作次数、自杀史、住院次数进行对比。结果：抑郁首发组抑郁发作次数多于躁狂首发组，躁狂发作次数少于躁狂首发组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。抑郁首发组自杀率为69.69%，显著高于躁狂首发组的20.00%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组住院次数比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：抑郁首发患者的自杀率更高，更具危险性。因此，针对以抑郁为首发症状的双相情感障碍患者进行治疗时，应提高对患者的关注度，实现个体化治疗。

【关键词】 双相情感障碍 抑郁首发 躁狂首发 发作次数

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.13.058 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2020）13-0-02

Comparison of Clinical Characteristics between Depressive Episode and Manic Episode in Patients with Bipolar Disorder/GAO Fei. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research， 2020， 18（13）： -142

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the clinical characteristics between depressive episode and manic episode in patients with bipolar disorder. Method： From January 2018 to January 2019， the data of 126 patients with bipolar disorder were selected for analysis. According to the first episode form， they were divided into the depression first episode group （n=60） and the manic first episode group （n=60）. The number of manic episode， the number of depressive episode， suicide history and the number of hospitalizations were compared between the two groups. Result： The number of depressive episode in the depression first episode group was more than that of the manic first episode group， and the number of manic episode was less than that of the manic first episode group， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The rate of suicide in the depression first episode group was 69.69%， which was significantly higher than 20.00% of the manic first episode group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The number of hospitalizations of the two groups was compared， and the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. Conclusion： Patients with depression as the first episode symptom have a higher suicide rate and are at greater risk. Therefore， in the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder with depression as the first episode symptom， attention should be paid to the patients and individualized treatment should be realized.

[Key words] Bipolar disorder Depression first episode Manic first episode Number of episodes

First-authors address： The Third Peoples Hospital of Qujing City， Qujing 655000， China

双相情感障碍（bipolar disorders）指既有躁狂或轻躁狂发作，又有抑郁发作的一类心境障碍。相关流行病學调查资料显示，双相情感障碍具有高患病率（终身患病率为4.4%）、高复发率（90%患者多次复发）及低龄化的特点（50%患者首次发病年龄≤15岁，75%患者首次发病年龄≤25岁）[1]。近年来，双相情感障碍患者得到了医学界的极大关注，但目前仍无有效解决临床问题的方法，无法满足患者的需求。双相情感障碍属于一种精神科疾病，发病率较高且具有极高的自杀率。由于临床上无法通过定量或定性的方式对患者的病症进行判断，因此误诊率较高[1]。双相情感障碍患者心境和活动水平会出现急剧变化，部分患者可出现心境高涨和精力充沛的现象，但在某些状况下也会出现心境低落和精力减退现象[2]。……