耐热异种钢焊接技术分析及在火电厂中的应用研讨
2020-10-21李博才
李博才
摘 要:耐热异种钢焊接因为金属化学成分各异、构造不同、机械和物理特性差别较大,所以相对于同种钢焊接在技术上要更加繁琐,这更加需要可靠性强的焊接工艺。目前我国及世界范围内的火电厂为了能够提高热效率、降低煤耗不断提高蒸汽参数和机组容量,新材料、新技术大量运用其中,因此火电厂焊接作业的对象、任务和环境产生了翻天覆地的变化。在火电厂众多焊接难题当中,较为常见的一种就是耐热异种钢的焊接工艺了。借助了很多非实际应用的研究结果,不难发现想要妥善解决火电厂耐热异种钢的焊接问题需要正确的焊接材料与焊接工艺,然而这些数据还需进一步探索发现。
关键词:耐热;异种钢;焊接;火电厂
中图分类号:TG457.11 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-2945(2020)30-0113-02
Abstract: Because of the different chemical composition, structure and mechanical and physical properties of heat-resistant dissimilar steel, the welding of heat-resistant dissimilar steel is more complicated than that of the same kind of steel, which requires more reliable welding process. At present, in order to improve thermal efficiency, reduce coal consumption and continuously improve steam parameters and unit capacity, new materials and technologies are widely used in thermal power plants in China and around the world. Therefore, the object, task and environment of welding operation in thermal power plants have undergone earth-shaking changes. Among the many welding problems in thermal power plants, one of the more common is the welding process of heat-resistant dissimilar steel. With the help of a lot of research results of non-practical application, it is not difficult to find that correct welding materials and welding processes are needed to properly solve the welding problems of heat-resistant dissimilar steel in thermal power plants. However, these data need to be further explored and discovered.
Keywords: heat resistance; dissimilar steel; welding; thermal power plant
引言
我國工业化进入非常关键的时期,据权威数据显示,2019年中国人均GDP突破1万美元,目前我国发电装机总容量业绩超过20亿千瓦,其中火电装机近12亿千瓦。焊接作为火电厂建设质量和发电设备安全运行的重要基础学科。目前,世界范围内的大型电厂都在向着高参数、高效率、大容量方向前进,很多大型的电厂中都应用了新技术、新材料,大型电厂的焊接工作对象、任务和条件发生了质的变化。因此,大型火电厂专用钢的开发力度不断加大,焊接技术的研究和应用是保证我国电力发展目标实现的重要环节。
1 耐热异种钢焊缝的不均匀特性
1.1 焊缝金属的化学和金相组织不均匀性……p>
