I. Knowledge and Usage （知識与用法） （共20小题;26—35小题每小题0.5分，36—45小题每小题1分，计15分）

（A） Please complete the following sentences with one word for each blank by using the Chinese or English hints given in the brackets and the initials. 请根据括号中所给的汉语或英语提示及首字母完成下列句子，每空一词。

26. There's a l___ （联系） between smoking and high blood pressure.

27. Two women have been a___ （控告） of stealing in a supermarket.

28. This type of account offers you i___ （瞬间的） access to your money.

29. He knew how difficult she would find b___ a___ （摆脱） from the life she had been

living.

30. The report said that everyone was a___ r___ （处于危险中） of the disease.

31. What a___ （to make someone interested in something） me most to the house was the

beautiful garden.

32. Be careful not to introduce new ideas in the c___ （the end of something such as a piece

of writing） of your essay.

33. They are d___ （very pleased and happy） that the party has been completed successfully.

34. The company is c___ o___ （to give most of your attention to one thing） developing

new products.

35. The train s___ u___ （to move faster） when it left the station.

【答案】 （A） 26. link 27. accused 28. instant / immediate 29. breaking away 30. at risk 31. attracted

32. conclusion 33. delighted 34. concentrating on 35. speeded / sped up

【解析】 本题考查了2个名词，2个动词，2个形容词和4个短语。因为括号中已经给出了应填单词的汉语或英语释义，我们可以依据句意和提示，初步确定单词后，再考虑单词的词形变化。如果是名词要考虑其单复数，是动词要考虑其时态、主谓一致、非谓语动词形式等。例如第27题，首先分析句意“两名妇女被（控告）在一家超市偷窃”，确定应用动词accuse，在句中做谓语动词，是“被”控告，应用其被动形式，故填accused。再如第35题，根据句意“火车离开站台后加速”，首先确定用短语动词speed up，再依据其后的从句when it left the station，可以确定应该用其过去时形式speeded / sped up。要想做好本题，考生不仅要熟记单词，还要有扎实的语法知识基础，才能填出语义准确，语法正确的词语。

（B） Please complete the following passage by choosing the best of the four choices marked A， B， C and D in the boxes. 请从方框中所给的A， B， C， D四个选项中选出最佳选项完成下面的短文。

36. The Eiffel Tower in Paris was built in 1889 for the Universal Exhibition.  300 meters high， it was the tallest man-made structure of its time.

37. The tower could be seen from  in Paris. It was always popular with the public， but not with the artists at the start. The writer Guy de Maupassanthated it

38.  that he had lunch in the tower restaurant as often as possible because it

39. was only in the tower itself  you did not have to look at it. Two million people visited 40. the Eiffel Tower in its first year and it became ever more popular as the years  . Looking at the tower became just as important as looking from the tower. It was painted by

41. important artists and praised by poets and novelists. Today，  could not imagine

42. Paris without the Eiffel Tower.  it has become the symbol of the City of Light.

The structure took more than two years to complete. The 12，000 iron pieces were designed separately to give them exactly the shape needed. All the pieces were prefabricated （预制的） and

43. fit together using about seven  nails.

44. Upon  ， the Eiffel Tower replaced the Washington Monument as the tallest structure in the world. In windy conditions， the tower

45. sways between six  seven centimeters.

【答案】 （B） 36—40 BADDB 41—45 CCBAD

【解析】 本题考查了名词、动词、代词、数词、介词、短语动词等语法项目，要求考生能在一篇完整的短文中，联系上下文，选择正确的选项。做此题时切忌见题解题，应把所给选项放入文中从整体上进行考虑，否则很容易出错。例如第41题，很多同学一上来就选了it，做形式主语。但其实本题应选one在这里用做代词，表示“任何人”。第42题所在句子是对第41题所在句子的递进，应选择in fact来进一步加强语气，而不是as if （好像），apart from（此外）或者even though（尽管）。

（B） Please read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word in one of the following three ways： ① based on the context; ② using the proper form of the given word; ③ based on the given letters of the words. 请阅读下面的短文， 用以下三种形式中的一种填空： ① 根据上下文填空;② 用所给单词的适当形式填空;③ 根据单词所给的字母填空，每空一词。

Many people think that sleep must be important for learning and memory， but until 51. ___（recent） there was no proof. Scientists also believed the hippocampus （海馬体——被认为是感情和记忆中心的部分） plays a role in making long-term memories， but 52. ___ weren't sure how. Now they understand how the process happens and 53. w___ sleep is so important.

A research team at Rutgers University discovered a type of brain activity that happens during sleep. The activity takes new information from the hippocampus to the neocortex （新大脑皮质）. The neocortex 54. ___ （store） long-term memories. The researchers call the activity “sharp wave ripples （波纹）” 55. ___ it looks like powerful， short waves. The brain creates these waves in the hippocampus during the 56. ___ （deep） levels of sleep.

In a study， scientists trained the rats to learn a route in a maze. Then they let the rats

57. ___ （sleep） after the training session. They gave one group of sleeping rats a drug. The drug stopped the 58. ___ （rat） wave activity. As 59. ___ result， this group of rats had trouble

60. ___ （remember） the route. The reason？ The new information didn't have a chance to leave the hippocampus and go to the neocortex.

【解析】 51. recently。考查副词，until recently意为“直到最近”。

52. they。考查代词，指代前面的scientists。

53. why。考查关系副词。

54. stores。考查主谓一致，主语为neocortex，谓语用单数形式。

55. because/as/since。考查连词，这里用because/as/since引导原因状语从句。

56. deepest/deep。考查形容词，这里既可以用形容词的最高级，也可以用原形。

57. sleep。考查动词，let后要接动词原形。

58. rats'。考查名词所有格，名词复数是加-s的形式，其所有格是在s后直接加'。

59. a。考查固定搭配，as a result意为“因此”。

60. remembering。考查固定搭配，have trouble doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”。