冯剑　胡小斌　何臻铸　王华　万惠燕

摘要 研究有機肥氮替代不同比例化肥氮对甜玉米产量及品质的影响，为广东省甜玉米主产区有机-化学肥料的合理施用提供一定参考。以甜玉米品种超甜金银粟2号为供试材料开展田间试验，共设置5个处理：CK（不施氮肥）、CF（单施化肥氮）、MF1（20%有机肥氮+80%化肥氮）、MF2（40%有机肥氮+60%化肥氮）、MF3（60%有机肥氮+40%化肥氮），研究不同处理下甜玉米产量和品质的变化。结果表明，有机肥氮替代化肥氮可提高甜玉米鲜穗产量。与CF处理相比，MF1～MF3处理甜玉米鲜穗产量均有不同程度的提高，以MF1处理增幅最大，为11.74%，随着替代比例的升高，鲜穗产量呈降低趋势，但MF1～MF3处理间无显著差异。有机肥氮替代化肥氮可改善甜玉米品质。与CF处理相比，有机肥氮替代化肥氮处理增加了甜玉米籽粒淀粉含量和可溶性糖含量，随着替代比例的增加淀粉含量逐渐升高，最大值为6.00%（MF3处理）。同时，相比于CF处理，有机肥替代处理可溶性糖含量分别提升了13.52%、15.76%、11.73%。供试条件下，在甜玉米生产上有机肥氮替代化肥氮比例以20%～40%为适宜。

关键词 有机肥替代化肥;氮;甜玉米;产量;品质

中图分类号 S 513文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2020）16-0157-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.16.043

Effect of Nitrogen in Organic Manure Replacing Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Sweet Corn

FENG Jian，HU Xiao-bin，HE Zhen-zhu et al

（Dongguan Agricultural Technique Extension Management Office， Dongguan， Guangdong 523010）

Abstract Effects of different rates of nitrogen in organic manure replacing chemical fertilizer on yield and quality of sweet corn were studied to provide reference for the rational application of organic-inorganic fertilizer in the main producing area of Guangdong Province. The field experiment was carried out using sweet corn cultivar of super sweet gold and silver millet 2 as experimental materials，five treatments were set up， including CK（non-N fertilization）， CF（100% chemical N）， MF1（organic manure replacing 20% chemical N），MF2（organic manure replacing 40% chemical N），MF3（organic manure replacing 60% chemical N）， the variation of yield and quality was studied. The result showed the nitrogen in organic manure replacing chemical fertilizer increased fresh ear yield of sweet corn. Compared to CF， the replacing treatments increased the fresh ear yield of sweet corn of different degrees， and the MF1 treatment increased the most （11.74%）. With the increase of replacing ratio， the fresh ear yield showed a trend of decrease， but there was no significant difference between MF1-MF3 treatments.The nitrogen in organic manure replacing chemical fertilizer improved the quality of sweet corn. Compared to CF， the replacing treatments increased the starch content and the soluble sugar content， the starch content increased gradually with the increase of replacing ratio， and MF3 was the largest，6.00%. At the same time， compared with CF treatment， the soluble sugar content of the replacing treatments increased by 13.52%，15.76% and 11.73%， respectively. In this experiment under the condition， the equal nitrogen in organic manure replacing chemical fertilizer at 20%-40% was the appropriate substitution rate in the production of sweet corn.

Key words Organic manure replacing chemical fertilizer;Nitrogen;Sweet corn;Yield;Quality

基金项目 省、市地力监测点建设项目（B02080003）。

作者简介 冯剑（1990—），男，河北邢台人，农艺师，硕士，从事养分资源管理与新肥料研制研究。

收稿日期 2020-01-13;修回日期 2020-03-27

甜玉米作为玉米的一个种，具有果蔬兼用、营养丰富、效益高等特点，深受广大消费者和种植户的青睐。广东作为甜玉米主消费区，进一步促进了广东省甜玉米产业的发展。……