袁野　刘宁　余雪标

摘要 针对桉树-甘蔗复合经营系统不同采样位置（距离林带1.5、3.0、4.5、6.0 m处）的土壤物理性质进行比较研究，结果表明桉树-甘蔗复合经营后，由于人为（耕作施肥等）的正向干预，土壤表层养分集中， 间作带土壤（距离林带3.0、4.5、6.0 m处）物理性状得到了有效改良。研究的主要结论：间作带表层土的土壤容重降低明显，同层相比，0～20  cm土层土壤容重的排列顺序均为距离林带6.0 m<距林带4.5 m<距离林带3.0 m<林带<距林带1.5 m，说明间作对土壤容重的降低作用随距离呈正相关。桉树-甘蔗复合经营改善了土壤持水状况，提高了空白间隔（距离林带1.5 m处）的持水能力。桉树-甘蔗复合经营系统下，土壤容重与总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度呈负相关，从土层的角度分析，饱和持水量与土层呈显著负相关。桉树-甘蔗复合经营对土壤物理性状的改善主要集中在表层。

关键词 桉树;甘蔗;林农复合经营;土壤物理性质

中图分类号 S 714.2文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2020）16-0119-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.16.032

Study on Soil Physical Properties of Eucalyptus-sugarcane Composite Systems

YUAN Ye1，LIU Ning1，YU Xue-biao2 （1.Forestry College of Northeast Forestry University，Harbin，Heilongjiang 150040;2.Forestry College of Hainan University，Haikou，Hainan 570228）

Abstract The soil physical properties of eucalyptus-sugarcane composite system at different sampling positions （1.5，3.0，4.5，6.0 m away from the forest belt） were compared.The results showed that after the eucalyptus-sugarcane complex management， the physical properties of the soil in the intercropping zone （3.0，4.5，6.0 m away from the forest belt） were effectively improved due to the positive intervention of man-made （cultivation and fertilization， etc.）.The main conclusions of the study were as follows：soil bulk density of topsoil in intercropping zone decreased significantly，compared with the same layer， the order of soil bulk density in the 0-20  cm soil layer was 6.0 m away from the forest belt < 4.5 m away from the forest belt < 3.0 m away from the forest belt < forest belt < 1.5 m away from the forest belt.The results showed that the effect of intercropping on soil bulk density was positively correlated with the distance.Eucalyptus-sugarcane compound management improved the soil water holding capacity， and increased the water holding capacity of the blank space （1.5 m away from the forest belt）.Soil bulk density was negatively correlated with total porosity and capillary porosity under eucalyptus-sugarcane compound management system.From the perspective of the soil layer， the saturated water holding capacity was significantly negatively correlated with the soil layer. Therefore， the improvement of the physical properties of the soil by the eucalyptus-sugarcane compound management was mainly concentrated on the surface.

Key words Eucalyptus; Sugarcane; Agroforestry compound management;Soil physical property

基金項目 东北林业大学国家级大学生创新项目（201910225094）。

作者简介 袁野（1999—）， 男，山东莒县人，从事森林土壤学研究。*通信作者，研究员，博士，从事混合农林业及人工林培育研究。

收稿日期 2020-02-17

桉树是我国华南地区主要种植的用材林树种，但由多代连栽和掠夺性的经营管理方式等引起的生态问题也非常突出[1-3]。由于华南地区桉树人工林一直以来的连栽经营方式，使得桉树人工林的土壤理化性状不断恶化，土壤地力不断下降，直接导致桉树人工林生产力下降[4-6]。恢复林地生态环境和长期维持桉树人工林的生产力，早已成为桉树研究的重要课题[7]。农林复合经营以其特有的优势被广泛关注和探索，桉-农复合经营模式也随之产生[8-9]。大量研究表明，在桉树林下间（轮）作绿肥、牧草、农作物等能有效改良土壤的理化性状[10-13]。该文通过对桉树-甘蔗大宽行复合经营系统不同取样位置的土壤物理性质进行研究，旨在探讨桉树-甘蔗复合经营对土壤性状的改良效果，以期为桉树林农复合经营提供理论依据和技术支持。……