宋晓晓　崔宏亮　魏仲鹏　张健　曹宁　叶斯哈提?努尔哈尤夫

摘要 为系统掌握伊宁市园林植物的种类组成与物种多样性现状，通过实地踏勘及样地调查相结合的方法调查分析了园林植物的科属组成，类型组成，统计应用频率，计算多样性指数。结果显示，伊宁市现有园林植物共计238种，隶属于64科、137属，其中乔木104种、灌木46种、藤本植物5种、宿根花卉50种、一年生花卉31种、草类2种。调查样地内乔木、灌木、草本类植物中应用频率较高的植物分别为大叶白蜡、小叶白蜡，水蜡，紫茉莉、百日草、黑心菊，多数常用园林植物的应用频率不高。通过对调查样地植物多样性分析得出，伊宁市园林植物整体上具有较高的丰富度和多样性，其中乔木类植物的多样性程度、丰富度指数高于灌木类及草本类植物。调查结果为伊宁市城市园林绿化植物资源可持续利用提供了可靠的理论依据。

关键词 园林;植物;种类组成;多样性

中图分类号 S 688文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611（2020）16-0116-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.16.031

Investigation on Species Composition and Species Diversity of Landscape Plants in Yining City

SONG Xiao-xiao1， CUI Hong-liang2， WEI Zhong-peng1 et al

（1.Garden Management Center of Yining， Yining， Xinjiang 835000; 2.Institute of Agricultural Science of Ili Prefecture， Yining， Xinjiang 835000）

Abstract In order to grasp the species composition and species diversity of landscape plants in Yining City systematically， we investigated and analyzed the family and genus composition， type composition， application frequency and diversity index of landscape plants by field reconnaissance and sample plot survey method. Results showed that there were a total of 238 species of landscape plant， belonged to 64 families and 137 genera， contained 104 species of trees， 46 species of shrubs， 5 species of lianas， 50 species of perennial flowers， 31 species of annual flowers and 2 species of grasses. In the survey plot， the most frequently used trees were Fraxinus rhynchophylla， Fraxinus bungeana， shrubs were Ligustrum obtusifolium， herbaceous plants were Mirabilis jalapa， Zinnia elegans， and Rudbeckia hirta， but most common landscape plants were not used frequently. Through the analysis of the plant diversity in the survey plot， it was concluded that the landscape plants in Yining City had higher diversity and diversity on the whole， among which the diversity and richness index of arbor plants were higher than that of shrubs and herbaceous plants. The results provided a reliable theoretical basis for the sustainable utilization of plant resources in Yining City.

Key words Landscape;Plants;Species composition;Diversity

作者簡介 宋晓晓（1986—），女，河南西平人，工程师，硕士，从事园林植物栽培及应用研究。

收稿日期 2020-02-19;修回日期 2020-03-19

园林植物是城市园林的主要素材，其应用是否合理直接影响该城市的园林景观效果。园林植被可通过自身光合作用、蒸腾作用等降低空间温度、增加空气湿度，有效地缓解城市“热岛效应”[1]，还能起到降尘效果[2]。目前对伊宁市园林植物的调查和应用分析主要是针对某一类别植物开展，如薛丹等[3]针对伊宁市本地木本植物应用情况进行了研究，梁巧玲等[4]针对伊宁市园林绿化植物资源进行了初步调查。……