苏增玲　赖家慧　温艳芬

【摘要】 目的：分析颅脑B超检查在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病中的诊断价值。方法：选择2019年12月-2020年1月笔者所在医院收治的新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患儿30例作为研究组，选择同期健康新生儿30例作为对照组，均于出生后24 h内及出生后1～3 d进行颅脑B超检查，并对两组检查结果进行比较。结果：出生后24 h内颅脑B超检查结果显示，研究组大脑中动脉Vs、RI及Vm均高于对照组，Vd低于对照组（P<0.05）;出生后1～3 d颅脑B超检查结果显示，研究组大脑中动脉Vs、Vm及Vd均明显高于对照组，RI明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。出生后24 h内颅脑B超检查结果显示，研究组检出异常19例，占63.33%;出生后1～3 d颅脑B超检查结果显示，研究组检出异常28例，占93.33%。结论：采用颅脑B超检查诊断新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的准确率高，能为临床诊断及治疗提供有效依据，值得在临床中推广使用。

【关键词】 颅脑B超检查 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病 诊断价值

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.18.029 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2020）18-00-03

Diagnostic Value of Craniocerebral B-ultrasound in Neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy/SU Zengling， LAI Jiahui， WEN Yanfen. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research， 2020， 18（18）： -70

[Abstract] Objective： To analyze the diagnostic value of craniocerebral B-ultrasound in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Method： From December 2019 to January 2020， 30 neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy admitted to our hospital were selected as the study group， and 30 healthy neonates were selected as the control group. The craniocerebral B-ultrasound was given within 24 hours and 1 to 3 days after birth， and the results were compared between the two groups. Result： The results of B-ultrasound within 24 hours after birth showed that the Vs， RI and Vm of middle cerebral arteries in the study group were higher than those of the control group， and the Vd was lower than that of the control group （P<0.05）. The results of B-ultrasound 1 to 3 days after birth showed that the Vs， Vm and Vd of middle cerebral artery in the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group， and the RI was significantly lower than that of the control group （P<0.05）. The results of B-ultrasound within 24 hours after birth showed that 19 cases were detected abnormally， accounting for 63.33%. The results of B-ultrasound 1 to 3 days after birth showed that 28 cases were detected abnormally， accounting for 93.33%. Conclusion： The use of craniocerebral B-ultrasound in the diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy has a high diagnostic accuracy and can provide an effective basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. It is worthy of popularization in clinic.

[Key words] Craniocerebral B-ultrasound Neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy Diagnostic value

First-authors address： Xinyi Peoples Hospital， Xinyi 525300， China

新生兒缺氧缺血性脑病是多发于新生儿的一种常见危重疾病，是导致新生儿死亡或残疾的重要原因之一。多数患儿经救治后，往往会遗留肢体运动障碍、智力低下、癫痫、语言障碍或脑瘫等一系列后遗症，危害极大[1]。因此，临床及早对患儿进行有效诊断并给予针对性治疗，对预后有重大意义[2-3]。本研究针对颅脑B超检查在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病中的诊断价值进行分析，报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择2019年12月-2020年1月笔者所在医院新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患儿30例及健康新生儿30例。纳入标准：患儿均确诊为新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病，Apgar评分<5分，均有围生期窒息史;资料完整。排除标准：合并其他新生儿疾病。将新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病患儿作为研究组，男16例，女14例;孕周37～41周，平均（38.64±1.15）周;出生体重2.81～3.76 kg，平均（3.20±0.33）kg。将健康新生儿作为对照组，男15例，女15例;孕周37～41周，平均（38.60±1.09）周;出生体重2.78～3.83 kg，平均（3.23±0.29）kg。两组一般资料比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。

1.2 方法

两组于出生后24 h内和出生1～3 d进行颅脑B超检查，仪器为彩色多普勒超声诊断仪[日立超声（Hitachi）EUB-6000]，检查探头采用高频凸阵小探头或线阵探头，同时根据病情将探头频率设置为5.0～7.5 MHz。在新生儿睡眠时或喂奶后进行检查，根据实际情况取侧卧位或仰卧位，将头摆正，充分暴露头颅。……