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CT实时引导下血肿穿刺置管引流术治疗脑出血的效果及安全性研究

2020-09-02沈冠豪华春华李奕秋朱道平卢智李怀国

中国实用医药 2020年22期
关键词:并发症

沈冠豪 华春华 李奕秋 朱道平 卢智 李怀国

【摘要】 目的 探究CT实时引导下对脑出血患者实施血肿穿刺置管引流术的效果及安全性。

方法 82例幕上出血(出血量15~30 ml)患者, 按照治疗方法不同将其分成对照组和观察组, 每组41例。对照组患者采用药物保守疗法治疗, 观察组患者于CT实时引导下行血肿穿刺置管引流术治疗。比较两组患者术前、术后3 d意识状态、肌力、并发症发生情况。结果 术后3 d, 观察组患者格拉斯哥昏迷指数(GCS)评分(11.81±1.01)分高于对照组的(10.24±1.41)分, 差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者肌力评分(3.50±1.12)分高于对照组的(3.02±1.01)分, 差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较, 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 对幕上出血量较小(15~30 ml)患者行CT实时引导下血肿穿刺置管引流术, 可显著改善其昏迷状态与肌力, 安全性较高, 建议推广使用。

【关键词】 CT实时引导;血肿穿刺置管引流术;脑出血;并发症

DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2020.22.008

Effectiveness and safety of hematoma puncture and drainage under CT real-time guidance in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage   SHEN Guan-hao, HE Chun-hua, LI Yi-qiu, et al. Yingde Peoples Hospital, Yingde 513000, China

【Abstract】 Objective   To investigate the effect and safety of hematoma puncture and drainage under CT real-time guidance in the treatment of patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Methods   A total of 82 patients with supratentorial hemorrhage (15-30 ml) were divided into control group and observation group according to different treatment methods, with 41 cases in each group. The control group received conservative drug therapy, and the observation group received hematoma puncture and drainage under CT real-time guidance. The consciousness status before surgery and 3 d after surgery, muscle strength, and occurrence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results   3 d after surgery, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score (11.81±1.01) points of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (10.24±1.41) points, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The muscle strength score (3.50±1.12) points of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (3.02±1.01) points, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of complications between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion   Hematoma puncture and drainage under CT real-time guidance can significantly improve coma and muscle strength in patients with small amount of supratentorial hemorrhage (15-30 ml) with high safety. It is recommended for popularization.

【Key words】 CT real-time guidance; Hematoma puncture and drainage; Cerebral hemorrhage; Complications

腦出血是致残率、致死率较高的一种严重疾病, 近年来其发病率正逐年增高, 具有起病急、病情凶险、医疗费用高昂等特点, 严重威胁着患者的生命健康[1]。传统开颅手术疗效较好, 但由于并发症较多, 对脑出血量较大、短时间内生命受到威胁的患者较为适用, 而对于脑出血量较小患者, 则可尝试运用创伤较小的手术疗法, 以加快其恢复[2-6]。血肿穿刺置管引流术可将颅内血肿抽取、引流以及清除, 整体疗效确切, 安全性较高, 恢复时间较短。本实验研究以CT实时引导下行该术式治疗的脑出血患者为研究对象, 对其治疗有效性与安全性进行探究。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料 选取2014年1月~2020年1月本院神经外科收治的82例幕上出血(出血量15~30 ml)患者, 按照治疗方法不同将其分成对照组和观察组, 每组

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