丰巢快递柜战略成本管理策略分析
2020-09-02马宝珠李君蕾
马宝珠 李君蕾


[摘 要] 随着快递业务高速增长,快递服务能力上的不足与顾客对快递配送效率及服务水平上的要求出现了矛盾,为此,智能快递柜应运而生。但由于投入及运营成本过高、盈利模式效果欠佳、规模经济并未成型,使丰巢快递柜亏损。丰巢快递柜可以通过向快递公司收取费用、向用户收取超时收费与会员费、收取柜体及屏幕上的广告费、寄件业务收费、增值服务收入等盈利模式,并采取降低快递柜管理成本、拓展多种盈利模式和支付渠道、提供更加人性化的设计、增加融资方式等措施,使企业扭亏为盈。
[关键词] 丰巢快递柜;战略成本;管理策略
[中图分类号] F259.2[文献标识码] A[文章编号] 1009-6043(2020)07-0069-03
Abstract: With the rapid growth of express business, there is a contradiction between the shortage of express service ability and the requirements of customers on the efficiency and service level of express delivery. Therefore, intelligent express cabinet emerges as the times require. However, due to the high investment and operating costs, the poor effect of profit model, and the lack of scale economy, Fengchao express cabinet is in deficit. Profit-making mode of Fengchao express cabinet can be realized by charging from express companies, from users for overtime and membership, for advertising on the cabinet and screen, for mail business, and for value-added services. In the meantime, taking measures such as reducing the management cost of express cabinets, expanding various profit modes and payment channels, providing more humanized design and increasing financing methods may help the business turn losses into profits.
Key words: Fengchao express cabinet, strategic cost, management strategy
一、概述
(一)丰巢现况介绍
根据公司公告披露的财务数据显示,2016年,丰巢全年营收2255万元,净亏损2.5亿元;2017年,丰巢全年营收3.08亿元,净亏损3.85亿元;2018年前5个月,丰巢营收2.88亿元,净亏损2.49亿元;2019年,丰巢全年营收16.14亿元,亏损7.81亿元;2020年一季度,丰巢营收3.34亿元,亏损2.45亿元。
从发展角度来看,丰巢处于连年亏损的状态,随着营收扩大,亏损额也不断在增加。截至2020年3月31日,丰巢投入约17.8万个快递柜,柜机占比约44%;中邮速递易占比约25%。今年5月,丰巢收购中邮速递易后,市场占有率将扩大到69%。如果将2019年的亏损额分摊,粗略估算,丰巢快递柜的单柜年度亏损超过4000元。
(二)快递柜存在的意义
1.解决时间差问题
数据显示,目前69%的电商件收件用户年龄在18-35岁之间,该年龄阶段的人群基本都是白天工作或者上学,没有时间收件,而快递员又不可能把大量的快递件压到晚上派送,这就使收、派件时间产生错位,而快递柜的作用就是调和这种时间错位。……
