黎剑霞 戴小青

[摘要]目的 探討心理护理在肿瘤科护理中的应用效果。方法 选取2018年6月～2019年6月我院收治的60例肿瘤患者作为研究对象，依据随机数字表法分为对照组（n=30）与观察组（n=30）。对照组采用常规护理，观察组在对照组的基础上实施心理护理，比较两组护理前后焦虑、抑郁评分及护理总满意度。结果 两组护理前焦虑、抑郁评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组护理后焦虑、抑郁评分低于护理前，观察组护理后焦虑评分（13.37±3.93）分、抑郁评分（21.23±3.62）分低于对照组[（19.27±3.89）、（37.86±4.57）分]，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组护理总满意度为96.67%，高于对照组的73.33%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.7114，P<0.05）。结论 在肿瘤科护理中采用心理护理能显著改善患者焦虑、抑郁情绪，提高患者满意度，值得临床推广。

[关键词]心理护理;肿瘤科患者;应用效果;焦虑;抑郁

[中图分类号] R473.73          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2020）7（c）-0195-03

Application effect of psychological nursing in the nursing of oncology department

LI Jian-xia1   DAI Xiao-qing2

1. The Eighth Ward of Internal Medicine， the Third People′s Hospital of Jiujiang City in Jiangxi Province， Jiujiang   332000， China; 2. Department of Nursing， the Third People′s Hospital of Jiujiang City in Jiangxi Province， Jiujiang   332000， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of psychological nursing in the nursing of oncology department. Methods A total of 60 cancer patients admitted to our hospital from June 2018 to June 2019 were selected as the research objects， and they were divided into the control group （n=30） and the observation group （n=30） by the random number table method. The control group was given routine nursing， and patients in the observation group were given psychological nursing on the basis of the control group. The anxiety and depression scores before and after nursing and the total satisfaction degree were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the scores of anxiety and depression before nursing （P>0.05）. The scores of anxiety and depression in the two groups after nursing were lower than those before nursing， with statistical differences （P<0.05）. The scores of anxiety and depression in the observation group after nursing were （13.37±3.93） and （21.23±3.62） points， lower than those in the control group of （19.27±3.89） and （37.86±4.57） points， with statistical differences （P<0.05）. The total satisfaction in the observation group was 96.67%， which was higher than 73.33% in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （χ2=4.7114， P<0.05）. Conclusion In the nursing of department of oncology， psychological nursing can significantly improve patients′ anxiety and depression， and improve patients′ satisfaction， which is worthy of clinical promotion.

[Key words] Psychological nursing; Patients of oncology department; Application effect; Anxiety; Depression

近年来，肿瘤发病率呈逐年上升趋势，且多数肿瘤患者就诊时已处于晚期，丧失了最佳的治疗时期，导致患者心理负担明显增大，这对于治疗及预后产生严重影响[1-2]。心理护理指在护理中，应用心理学的理论和技能对患者心理状态和行为护理干预，促进患者康复的一种护理方法。其能缓解患者对疾病的紧张、焦虑情绪，进而可调动患者主观能动性，树立战胜疾病的信心，帮助患者适应新社会角色和生活环境[3-4]。研究显示，肿瘤发生、发展除了与理化因素有关外，还与心理因素明显相关，心理因素不仅在肿瘤发病原因中起作用，在肿瘤的治疗及康复不同阶段也有较大的影响[5-6]，应针对相应的心理因素给予心理护理。本研究对我院收治的肿瘤患者分别给予常规护理和心理护理，比较两种不同护理方法的效果，现报道如下。