江叶 匡雪春

[摘要]目的 探討以护士为主导的多学科团队合作（MDT）延续护理在胃肠道肿瘤患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2018年1月～2019年7月在我院住院的120例胃肠道肿瘤患者为研究对象，应用随机数字表法将其分为干预组和对照组，每组各60例。两组入院后给予常规护理和出院指导。对照组实施常规随访。干预组实施MDT的延续护理。比较两组的自我护理能力;比较两组照顾者负担水平。结果 入院时，两组的自我护理能力评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;出院3个月时，两组自我护理能力评分高于入院时，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。出院3个月时，干预组自我护理能力评分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。入院时，两组照顾者负担水平评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;出院3个月时，两组照顾者负担水平评分低于入院时，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。出院3个月时，干预组照顾者负担水平评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 以MDT延续护理能提高胃肠道肿瘤患者自我护理能力，降低照顾者的照顾负担。

[关键词]胃肠道肿瘤;延续护理;多学科合作;自我护理能力;照顾负担

[中图分类号] R473.73          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2020）7（c）-0241-04

Application of multidisciplinary cooperative team led by nurses in continuous nursing of gastrointestinal cancer patients

JIANG Ye   KUANG Xue-chun▲

Department of Geriatric Surgery， Xiangya Hospital of Central South University， Hu′nan Province， Changsha   410008， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of multi-disciplinary team （MDT） cooperation led by nurses in continuous nursing of gastrointestinal cancer patients. Methods From January 2018 to July 2019， 120 patients with gastrointestinal cancer in our hospital were selected as the study objects. The patients were divided into intervention group （n=60） and control group （n=60） by random number table method. The patients in the two groups were given routine nursing and discharge guidance. Routine follow-up was performed in the control group. The continuous nursing with MDT cooperation led by nurses was carried out in the intervention group. The self-care ability and the burden level were compared between the two groups. Results At admission， there was no significant difference in self-care ability between the two groups （P>0.05）. Three months after discharge， the self-care ability scores of the two groups were higher than those at admission （P<0.05）. Three months after discharge， the self-care ability score of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group （P<0.05）. At admission， there was no significant difference in burden score between the two groups （P>0.05）. Three months after discharge， the burden of caregivers scores in the two groups were lower than those at admission （P<0.05）. Three months after discharge， the burden of caregivers score in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion The continuous nursing of MDT cooperation led by nurses can improve the self-care ability of gastrointestinal cancer patients and reduce the care burden of caregivers.

[Key words] Gastrointestinal cancer; Continuous nursing; Multidisciplinary cooperation; Self-care ability; Care burden

胃肠道肿瘤是我国常见肿瘤之一，其发病率高，严重威胁人们的生命健康，通常以手术治疗为主，辅以化疗、放疗等多学科协作的综合治疗方法。随着加速康复外科的发展，胃肠道肿瘤患者住院时间明显缩短，患者出院后要继续康复治疗，因此，延续护理对此类患者康复有重大的意义[1-2]。延续护理是指通过一系列行动设计，以确保患者在不同健康照护场所（如从医院到家庭）及同一健康照护场所（如医院的不同科室）受到不同水平的协调性与延续性照护[3]。临床实践证实[4-5]，延续护理能促进患者康复，提高患者生活质量。胃肠道肿瘤患者常因进食不足、癌肿消耗等情……