不同温湿度对蝉棒束孢杀蚜毒力的影响
2020-08-25高晋程欢欢张国俊赵致李忠
高晋 程欢欢 张国俊 赵致 李忠



摘 要:为明确不同温、湿度对蝉棒束孢杀蚜活性的影响,在室内采用浸渍法测定了不同温湿度条件下蝉棒束孢对蚜虫的毒力。结果表明:不同温度下培养的蝉棒束孢对蚜虫的死亡率无影响,对蚜虫的致死中时(LT50)无显著差异;在温度20~30 ℃范围内,蝉棒束孢对蚜虫均表现出较强毒力,在25 ℃时毒力最强;在温度25 ℃和相对湿度100%组合中,蝉棒束孢对蚜虫毒力最强,蚜虫致死中时(LT50)和死亡率均达到最显著水平,分别为4.36 d和80%。因此,温度、湿度对蝉棒束孢杀蚜虫活性有重要的影响,在温度、湿度的互作中,湿度具有更重要的作用。
关键词:蝉棒束孢;萝卜蚜;温度;湿度;毒力
中图分类号:Q-9
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1008-0457(2020)02-0089-04 国际DOI编码:10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2020.03.016
The Effect of Different Temperature and Humidity on the Virulence of Isaria cicadae to Aphids
GAO Jin.1,CHENG Huan huan.1,ZHANG Guojun.1,ZHAO Zhi.2,LI Zhong.1,2*
(1.Agriculture college of Guizhou University, Guiyang,Guizhou 550025, China;2.Guizhou Key laboratory of Medicine
Plants Breeding and Cultivation, Guiyang,Guizhou 550025, China)Abstract:In order to clarify the effect of different temperature and humidity on the activity of Isaria cicadae against aphids, the virulence of I. cicadae to aphids in different temperature and humidity conditions was determined by immersion method indoor. The results showed that I. cicadae cultured at different temperatures had no effect on the mortality of aphids, and there was no significant difference in lethal median time (LT50) to aphids. In the temperature range of 20 ~ 30℃, I. cicadae showed strong toxicity to the aphids at 25℃. In the combination of the temperature of 25℃ and the relative humidity of 100%, the virulence was the strongest, LT50 and mortality had reached the most significant level, with 4.36 days and 80%, respectively. Thus, the temperature and humidity have an significant effect on the aphid-killing activity of I. cicadae, and the humidity plays more important role in the interaction of temperature and humidity.
Keywords:Isaria cicadae; Lipaphis erysimi;humidity; temperature;virulence
蚜虫是甘蓝等十字花科蔬菜的主要害虫之一,主要有桃蚜Myzus persicae (Sulzer) 、萝卜蚜Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach)和甘蓝蚜Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus)[1]。蚜虫种类多,数量大,繁殖速度快[2],不仅使受害植株叶片卷曲变形,植株生长不良,还会传播多种病毒病,严重影响作物的产量和质量[3-6]。随着时间的推移,各种药剂施用后对蚜虫的防治效果不明显,促使人们使用农药的剂量也不断增加,随之而来的环境问题和蚜虫产生的抗药性成为当前迫切解决的问题。
蝉棒束孢是麦角菌科真菌大蟬草(Cordyceps cicadae Shing)的分生孢子无性型阶段[7]。蝉棒束孢不仅具有药理活性,还是极为广谱的、具有较强致病性的虫生真菌,可寄生鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)等诸多昆虫[8-10]。蝉棒束孢作为一种生物防治用菌,因其安全性高,产孢量大,感染能力强等优点而备受关注[11],……p>
