蒋承耿 潘洪 张崇德 李长权 董均兴 艾复清

摘 要：采用随机区组设计，研究不同基追肥比例对云烟87烤后烟叶经济性状、化学成分和评吸质量的影响，为贵州省春旱烟区合理施肥提供依据。结果表明：在大田施肥量不变的条件下，随着追肥比例的增加，云烟87烤后烟叶的产量、产值、均价、上等烟率随之提高，T4（基追比7：3）表现最好，产量较其他处理高269.3～515.3kg/hm.2，均价较其他处理高0.6～1.3元/kg;化学成分及协调性综合评价下部叶T1（不追肥）表现相对较好，中、上部叶T4表现相对较好;评吸质量随追肥比例的增加总体差异不大，以T2（基追比9：1）、T4表现略好。总体来看，在本试验范围内，基追比为7：3时更有利于春旱烟区云烟87产量和质量的提高。

关键词：烤烟;云烟87;基追比;春旱;产质

中图分类号：S572.06文献标识码：A

文章编号：1008-0457（2020）03-0080-05国际DOI编码：10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2020.03.014

Effect of Basal and Topdressing Fertilizer Ratio on Yield and Quality of Yunyan 87 in Spring Drought Zone of Guizhou Province

JIANG Chenggeng.1， PAN Hong.2， ZHANG Chongde.1， LI Changquan.1， DONG Junxing.1， AI Fuqing.2， 3*

（1. Liupanshui Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company， Liupanshui， Guizhou 553000， China; 2. Guizhou University， Guiyang， Guizhou 550025， China; 3. Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research in Guizhou Province， Guiyang， Guizhou 550025， China）

Abstract：A randomized block was desiged to study the effect of different base and topdressing fertilizer ratio on the economic characteristics， chemical composition and smoking quality of Yunyan 87 roasted， providing a basis for rational fertilization in the tobacco area of spring drought in， Guizhou The results showed that the yield， output value， average price and superior tobacco rate of the flue-cured tobacco leaves of Yunyan 87 increased accordingly with the increase of the proportion of fertilization under the condition of constant field fertilization.Production of T4 （base-topdressing ratio of 7：3） was 269.3～515.3kg/hm.2 higher than other treatments， which performed the best， and theaverage price was 0.6～1.3 Yuan/kg higher than other treatments. The comprehensive evaluation of chemical composition and coordination of the lower leaf T1 （no topdressing） performance was relatively good， as well as the middle and upper leaves of T4. The overall difference in evaluation quality was not significant， with the increase of the proportion of topdressing fertilizer， and the overall performance of T2（base-topdressing ratio of 9：1） and T4 was slightly better in terms. Overall， in this test， the basal-topdressing ratio of 7：3 is more conducive to yield and quality improvement of Yunyan 87 in the spring drought tobacco area.

Keywords：flue-cured tobacco; Yunyan 87; basal-topdressing ratio; spring drought; yield and quality

科學施肥是优质烟生产的关键栽培技术之一，与肥料种类、施肥量、施肥比例、施肥技术及气候条件等密切相关，合理施肥有利于提高养分利用率、保证烟株营养并最终提高烤后烟叶质量. [1-6]。 春旱是许多烟区存在的问题之一，严重影响着烤烟的生长及烤后烟叶产质。有关烤烟施肥的研究较多[7-17]，但在贵州春旱条件下的研究却鲜有报道。因此在盘州烟区进行施肥的不同基追比研究，旨在寻求该烟区在春旱条件下适宜的施肥技术，为春旱烟区的合理施肥提供依据。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料及地点

1.1.1 试验材料

试验供试品种为云烟87，供试有机肥为当地烤烟专用有机肥，养……