罗燕子 高波 潘海滔 张涛 丁海钢

[摘要] 目的 分析紹兴地区女性人工流产生殖道感染患病率及其影响因素。 方法 选取2017年10月～2019年10月在我院收治的200例人工流产患者，根据有无生殖道感染分为感染组99例和未感染组101例。收集所有女性年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、联系方式等一般资料。采用问诊的方式收集所有女性初次性交年龄、性伴侣个数、流产次数、是否避孕、个人卫生情况、生殖道感染病史、流产后首次性生活时间等情况。所有女性均进行妇科检查和实验室检查计算感染率。采用Logistic回归分析人工流产后生殖道感染患病率影响因素。 结果 人工流产女性生殖道感染患病率为49.50%（99/200），其中以宫颈炎、念珠菌性阴道炎、附件炎最为多见。单因素分析结果显示，初次性交年龄、性伴侣个数、是否避孕、个人卫生情况、生殖道感染病史、流产后首次性生活时间等因素差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05），年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、流产次数等因素差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。Logistic回归分析结果显示，初次性交年龄、性伴侣个数、是否避孕、个人卫生、生殖道感染疾病史、流产后首次性生活时间均为人工流产后生殖道感染的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。 结论 人工流产后生殖道感染的发病率较高，针对影响人工流产后生殖道感染发生的因素，通过健康宣教教育工作减少生殖道感染的发生，从而更好地关爱女性健康。

[关键词] 女性;人工流产;生殖道感染;患病率;影响因素

[中图分类号] R711.6          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）17-0060-05

Analysis on the prevalence rate and influencing factors of female abortion-induced genital tract infection in Shaoxing area

LUO Yanzi1   GAO Bo2   PAN Haitao3   ZHANG Tao3   DING Haigang4

1.Department of Family Planning， Shaoxing Women and Children's Hospital in Zhejiang Province， Shaoxing   312000，China; 2.Department of Gynecology， Shaoxing Women and Children's Hospital in Zhejiang Province， Shaoxing   312000， China; 3.Genetics Laboratory， Shaoxing Women and Children's Hospital，Shaoxing 312000， China; 4.Department of Medical Affairs， Shaoxing Women and Children's Hospital in Zhejiang Province， Shaoxing   312000， China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the prevalence rate and influencing factors of female abortion-induced genital tract infections in Shaoxing area. Methods 200 cases of abortion patients who were admitted to our hospital from October 2017 to October 2019 were selected. According to the presence or absence of reproductive tract infection， the patients were divided into 99 cases in the infection group and 101 cases in the non-infection group. All general data about womens age， education， occupation， marital status， and contact information were collected. The age of first sexual intercourse，the number of sexual partners， the number of miscarriages， taking contraception or not， personal hygiene， the history of reproductive tract infections， the time of first sexual life after miscarriage were collected by inquiry. All women were given gynecological examination and laboratory examination to calculate the infection rate. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors for the prevalence rate of reproductive tract infections after abortion. Results The prevalence rate of reproductive tract infections in abortion women was 49.50% （99/200）， among which cervicitis， candidal vaginitis， and appendicitis were the most common. According to the results of univariate analysis，there were statistically significant differences in factors such as age at first sexual intercourse， number of sexual partners， taking contraception or not， personal hygiene， history of reproductive tract infection， time of first sexual life after miscarriage（P<0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in factors such as age， education， occupation， marital status， and number of miscarriages（P>0.05）. According to the Logistic regression analysis， the age of first sexual intercourse， the number of sexual partners，taking contraception or not， personal hygiene， history of reproductive tract infections，and the time of first sexual life after abortion were all independent risk factors for reproductive tract infections after abortion（P<0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence rate of reproductive tract infections after abortion is high. In view of the influencing factors for the occurrence of reproductive tract infections after abortion， the occurrence of reproductive tract infections can be reduced through health education and education work， so as to better care for women's health.

[Key words] Women; Abortion; Reproductive tract infections; Prevalence rate; Influencing factors

妊娠3个月内用人工或药物方法终止妊娠称为人工流产，是避孕失败意外妊娠的补救措施，在控制人口数量方面起到了一定的作用，已成为当前世界生殖健康方面关注的公共卫生问题之一[1-2]。人工流产手术包括负压吸引、钳刮人工流产术，术后常伴有很多并发症，其中生殖道感染是人工流产女性主要并发症之一。……