方晓艳 张鲁峰 白莉 张国斌 张跃文 苗明三

摘要：為了探讨影响实习和就业的因素及实习对就业的影响，以改进实习模式，提高实习质量，增强实习对就业的促进作用，采用问卷调查法，对河南中医药大学2016级的102名中药制药专业学生进行调查，调查内容包括学生对实习的认识、实习时间、实习对就业的指导作用及实习或就业中存在的问题等。90名学生提交问卷且均为有效问卷。结果显示，62名学生有主动实习的愿望，64名学生愿意在本科期间实习2次，85名学生认为实习对将来的就业有帮助。针对学生在寻找实习单位上的困难，提出学校应该将被动实习转为主动实习、加强对实习和就业的指导、开展多种形式的见习活动、加强校企合作、开展第二课堂、强调实习对就业的促进作用，从而提高实习质量，更好地促进就业。

关键词：中药制药;调查问卷;实习;就业;中医药院校

中图分类号：G420    文献标识码：A    文章编号：2095-5707（2020）04-0058-05

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.2095-5707.2020.04.015        开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Investigation of Intention of Graduation Internship of Undergraduate Students Majoring in TCM Pharmaceutical Technology Based on Employment

FANG Xiao-yan¹， ZHANG Lu-feng²， BAI Li¹， ZHANG Guo-bin¹， ZHANG Yue-wen¹， MIAO Ming-san^1*

（1. Henan University of Chinese Medicine， Zhengzhou 450046， China; 2. Henan Corps Hospital， Chinese Peoples Armed Police Force， Zhengzhou 450003， China）

Abstract： A questionnaire survey was used to investigate 90 students majoring in TCM pharmaceutical technology of 2016 in Henan University of Chinese Medicine to explore the factors affecting internship and employment and the impact of internship on employment， improve the internship model， promote the quality of internship， and enhance the role of internship in promoting employment. The survey included students understanding of internship， internship time， instructive role of internship in employment， and problems in internship or employment. The survey found that 61 students had the desire to take the initiative to internship， 64 students were willing to do two internships during their undergraduate period， and 85 students believed that the internship would be helpful for future employment. In view of the difficulties for students in finding internship units， this article proposed that schools should convert passive internship to active internship， strengthen guidance on internship and employment， carry out various forms of internship activities， strengthen school-enterprise cooperation， develop second classrooms， and emphasize the role of internship in promoting employment， thereby improving the quality of internship and promoting employment.

3.1  促進被动实习转为主动实习

虽然有68.8%的学生有主动意愿进行实习，且大部分学生认为实习是获取本专业综合知识的重要途径，但仍有31.2%的学生非自愿或不想实习，说明这部分学生对实习的重要性认识不足，学校需要加强实习的动员工作，强调实习对就业的促进作用。要让学生明白，实习是培养学生的实践技能，使之具备从事中医药行业相关工作的基本能力^[1]。学校可通过多种方式召开实习动员会，如邀请……