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局部枸橼酸钠和低分子肝素抗凝在危重症患者连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过中的 应用比较

2020-08-13魏世雄吴佳成

中国实用医药 2020年20期

魏世雄 吴佳成

【摘要】 目的 比較局部枸橼酸钠抗凝和低分子肝素抗凝在危重症患者连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过(CVVH)中的效果。方法 56例行连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过治疗的危重症患者, 根据抗凝治疗药物不同分为观察组和对照组, 各28例。对照组采用局部低分子肝素抗凝, 观察组采用局部枸橼酸酸钠抗凝。比较两组治疗前、治疗后48 h血肌酐下降率及急性生理功能和慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)下降值及滤器使用时间、静脉管路使用时间。结果 治疗后48 h, 观察组血肌酐下降率为(49.21±10.23)%, 高于对照组的(33.11±14.21)%, 差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后48 h, 观察组APACHE Ⅱ评分下降值为(5.1±1.1)分, 明显高于对照组的(2.3±1.0)分, 差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组滤器使用时间和静脉管路使用时间分别为(23.22±1.32)、(21.21±1.87)h, 均显著长于对照组的(14.23±1.65)、(15.23±1.43)h, 差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在危重症患者连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过中, 采取局部枸橼酸钠抗凝治疗效果确切, 可延长滤器与静脉管路使用时间, 值得临床推广。

【关键词】 枸橼酸钠;低分子肝素;连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过;抗凝治疗

DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2020.20.049

【Abstract】 Objective   To compare the effect of local sodium citrate and low-molecular-weight heparin anticoagulation in continuous venous-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) of critically ill patients. Methods   A total of 56 critically ill patients treated by continuous venous-venous hemofiltration were divided into observation group and control group according to the anticoagulants, with 28 cases in each group. The control group received low-molecular-weight heparin anticoagulation, and the observation group received local sodium citrate anticoagulation. The creatinine reduction rate and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) before treatment and 48 h after treatment, lifespan of filter and venous pipeline were compared between the two groups. Results   48 h after treatment, creatinine reduction rate of the observation group was (49.21±10.23)%, which was higher than that of the control group (33.11±14.21)%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). 48 h after treatment, APACHE Ⅱ score dropped (5.1±1.1) points, which was obviously higher than that of the control group (2.3±1.0) points, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The lifespan of filter and venous pipeline of the observation group were (23.22±1.32) and (21.21±1.87) h, which were significantly longer than those of the control group (14.23±1.65) and (15.23±1.43) h, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion   In continuous venous-venous hemofiltration of critically ill patients, the effect of local sodium citrate anticoagulation is definite, it can prolong the lifespan of filters and venous pipeline, and it is worth clinical promotion.

【Key words】 Sodium citrate; Low-molecular-weight heparin; Continuous venous-venous hemofiltration; Anticoagulation

连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过是当前血液净化技术中的重要方法之一[1], 该方法的最大优点是应用过程中血流动力学稳定, 并且清除溶质的效率较高, 甚至能够清除炎性介质, 很好的稳定血液内环境, 主要应用于重症或急危患者的抢救治疗中[2], 在临床发挥重要作用。由于在重症或急危患者的抢救治疗中存在大量出血的倾向, 因此, 如何选择最佳的抗凝方法, 充分发挥出抗凝血的功能并减少医疗费用是医务人员需要考虑的问题。本文将本院在2016年1月~2019年12月收治的56例行连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过治疗的危重症患者纳入本研究, 现将研究结果报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料 选取本院在2016年1月~2019年12月收治的56例行连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过治疗的危重症患者为研究对象, 根据抗凝治疗药物不同将其分为观察组和对照组, 每组28例。……

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