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术前应用盐酸氨溴索对妇科微创手术患者肺部通气功能影响的研究

2020-08-13张炳镰杨冠聪彭桑

中国实用医药 2020年20期
关键词:肺功能腹腔镜

张炳镰 杨冠聪 彭桑

【摘要】 目的 研究术前应用盐酸氨溴索对老年妇科腹腔镜患者术中肺通气功能的影响。方法 200例行择期腹腔镜下子宫切除或子宫肌瘤剔除术患者, 随机分为对照组与观察组, 每组100例。观察组在患者气管插管10 min后缓慢静脉注射盐酸氨溴索150 mg;对照组注射等量生理盐水。记录比较两组患者手术中出血量、输液量、尿量、手术时间。监测并比较给药前(T0)、气腹5 min后(T1)、30 min后(T2)、60 min后(T3)、90 min后(T4)时患者心率(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)、呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO2)、肺顺应性(Compl)、气道峰压(Ppeak)、平台压(Pplat)以及气道阻力(Raw)变化情况。结果 两组患者手术时间、手术出血量、输液量、尿量比较, 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。T0时, 两组患者肺功能、术中呼吸与循环指标变化情况比较, 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组T1、T2、T3时Ppeak分别为(21.3±2.7)、(19.6±2.2)、(16.7±2.0)cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa)高于T0的(14.3±1.9)cm H2O;T1、T2、T3时Pplat分别为(19.7±2.3)、(18.1±2.0)、(16.4±2.1)cm H2O高于T0的(13.3±2.3)cm H2O;对照组T1、T2、T3时Ppeak分别为(22.4±2.8)、(22.7±3.0)、(21.6±2.5)cm H2O高于T0的(14.4±2.0)cm H2O;T1、T2、T3时Pplat分别为(20.8±2.6)、(21.3±2.4)、(20.6±2.1)cm H2O高于T0的(13.2±2.1)cm H2O;观察组T1、T2、T3、T4時Compl分别为(32.0±5.6)、(35.2±7.6)、(36.9±8.0)、(40.5±8.6)ml/cm H2O低于T0的(46.0±8.8)ml/cm H2O;对照组T1、T2、T3、T4时Compl分别为(30.3±5.3)、(28.9±4.1)、(30.2±6.5)、(30.4±5.3)ml/cm H2O低于T0的(45.5±9.0)ml/cm H2O, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。T3时, 观察组患者Raw为(14.2±3.1)cm H2O/(L·s)低于对照组患者的(17.1±5.1)cm H2O/(L·s), 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。T0、T1、T2、T3、T4不同时点, 两组患者呼吸与循环指标组间比较, 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者T1、T2、T3、T4的HR低于本组T0时, PETCO2高于本组T0时, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者T0、T1、T2、T3、T4不同时点SBP、DBP、SpO2组内比较, 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 老年妇科腹腔镜患者术前应用盐酸氨溴索能有效改善患者CO2气腹后的肺通气功能, 降低气道阻力, 提高肺顺应性, 有利于维持术中呼吸、循环指标的稳定性。

【关键词】 盐酸氨溴索;妇科;腹腔镜;肺功能

DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2020.20.003

【Abstract】 Objective   To study the effect of preoperative application of ambroxol hydrochloride on pulmonary ventilation function in patients with minimally invasive gynecological surgery. Methods   A total of 200 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic hysterectomy or myomectomy were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 100 cases in each group. The observation group was slowly intravenously injected with 150 mg of ambroxol hydrochloride 10 min after tracheal intubation, and the control group was injected with an equal amount of saline. The amount of intraoperative hemorrhage, transfusion volume, urine volume and surgery time of the two groups were recorded and compared. The changes of heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PETCO2), lung compliance (Compl), peak airway pressure (Ppeak), plateau pressure (Pplat) and airway resistance (Raw) before administration (T0), 5 min after pneumoperitoneum (T1), 30 min after pneumoperitoneum (T2), 60 min after pneumoperitoneum (T3), 90 min after pneumoperitoneum (T4) were compared between the two groups. Results   There was no statistically significant difference in surgery time, amount of intraoperative hemorrhage, transfusion volume and urine volume between the two groups (P>0.05). At T0, there was no statistically significant difference in pulmonary function, intraoperative respiration and circulation indicators between the two groups (P>0.05). At T1, T2 and T3, Ppeak of the observation group were (21.3±2.7), (19.6±2.2) and (16.7±2.0) cm H2O (1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa) respectively, which were higher than that at T0 (14.3±1.9) cm H2O. At T1, T2 and T3, Pplat of the observation group were (19.7±2.3), (18.1±2.0) and (16.4±2.1) cm H2O respectively, which was higher than that at T0 (13.3±2.3) cm H2O. At T1, T2 and T3, Ppeak of the observation group were (22.4±2.8), (22.7±3.0) and (21.6±2.5) cm H2O respectively, which was higher than that at T0 (14.4±2.0) cm H2O. At T1, T2 and T3, Pplat of the observation group were (20.8±2.6), (21.3±2.4) and (20.6±2.1) cm H2O respectively, which was higher than that at T0 (13.2±2.1) cm H2O. At T1, T2, T3 and T4, Compl of the observation group were (32.0±5.6), (35.2±7.6), (36.9±8.0) and (40.5±8.6) ml/cmH2O respectively, which was lower than that at T0 (46.0±8.8) ml/cm H2O. At T1, T2, T3 and T4, Compl of the control group were (30.3±5.3), (28.9±4.1), (30.2±6.5) and (30.4±5.3) ml/cmH2O respectively, which was lower than that at T0 (45.5±9.0) ml/cmH2O. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At T3, Raw of the observation group was (14.2±3.1) cm H2O/(L·s), which was lower than that of the control group (17.1±5.1) cm H2O/(L·s), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4, there was no statistically significant difference in respiratory and circulation indicators between the two groups (P>0.05). At T1, T2, T3 and T4, HR of the two groups was lower than that at T0 of the same group, and PETCO2 was higher than that at T0 of the same group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4, there was no statistically significant difference in SBP, DBP and SpO2 between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion   The preoperative application of ambroxol hydrochloride in elderly gynecological laparoscopic patients can effectively improve the patients pulmonary ventilation function after CO2 pneumoperitoneum, reduce airway resistance, improve lung compliance, and help maintain the stability of intraoperative respiratory and circulation indicators.

【Key words】 Ambroxol hydrochloride; Gynecology; Laparoscopy; Pulmonary function

妇科腹腔镜手术具有创伤小、出血少、术后恢复快等优点, 在临床中应用越来越广泛[1]。但术中需患者采取头低臀高位, 头低15~30°, 人工CO2气腹对患者呼吸功能以及血流动力学影响较大, 尤其是老年患者[2]。盐酸氨溴……

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