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小切口手术与传统开放手术治疗脊柱创伤的临床疗效和安全性观察

2020-08-09韩增斌

中外医疗 2020年14期
关键词:安全性疗效

韩增斌

[摘要] 目的 对比分析脊柱创伤患者采用小切口手术与传统开放手术治疗的效果和安全性。方法 便利选取该院2017年3月—2019年3月收治的脊柱创伤患者86例,根据手术方法的不同,将行小切口手术治疗的46例患者纳入观察组,行传统开放手术的40例纳入对照组,比较两组治疗效果。结果 观察组和对照组的治疗总有效率(93.48% vs 77.50%)比较有差异有统计过学意义(P<0.05);观察组和对照组的术中失血量[(123.53±49.73)mL vs(279.52±54.62)mL]、手术时间[(118.35±20.56)min vs(175.77±28.73)min]、住院时间[(8.58±2.47)d vs(15.34±3.87)d]、术后开始活动时间[(28.64±8.37)h vs(36.37±10.20)h]以及术后VAS評分[(3.20±1.25)分 vs(6.05±1.49)分]差异有统计学意义(t=13.860、10.757、9.780、3.859、9.646,P<0.05);观察组与对照组术后的前缘压缩高度[(5.67±1.20)% vs(10.27±2.35)%]和Cobbs角变化[(6.15±1.09)° vs(11.07±2.58)°]差异有统计学意义(t=11.650、11.788,P<0.05)。观察组和对照组术后并发症发生率(4.35%VS15.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.489,P<0.05)。 结论 小切口手术治疗脊柱创伤效果优于传统开放手术,具有微创、出血少、恢复快、疼痛少和并发症少等优点。

[关键词] 小切口手术;疗效;脊柱创伤;安全性;传统开放性手术

[Abstract] Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of small incision surgery and traditional open surgery in patients with spinal trauma. Methods 86 patients with spinal trauma treated in the hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 were convenient selected. According to the different surgical methods, 46 patients who underwent small incision surgery were included in the observation group, and 40 patients who underwent traditional open surgery were included in the control group, compare the treatment effect between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment between the observation group and the control group (93.48% vs 77.50%) is statistically significant (P <0.05); the intraoperative blood loss of the observation group and the control group [(123.53±49.73) mL vs (279.52±54.62) mL], operation time [(118.35±20.56) min vs (175.77±28.73) min], length of hospital stay [(8.58±2.47) d vs (15.34±3.87) d], postoperative start activity time [ (28.64±8.37) h vs (36.37±10.20) h] and postoperative VAS score [(3.20±1.25) points vs (6.05±1.49) points] The difference was statistically significant (t=13.860, 10.757, 9.780, 3.859, 9.646, P<0.05); the anterior compression height [(5.67±1.20)% vs (10.27±2.35)%] and Cobb's angle change [(6.15±1.09) ° vs (11.07±2.58)°] The difference was statistically significant (t=11.650, 11.788, P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group and the control group (4.35% vs 15.00%) was statistically significant(χ2=6.489, P<0.05). Conclusion Small incision surgery is better than traditional open surgery in treating spinal trauma, with minimally invasive, less bleeding, faster recovery, less pain and fewer complications.

[Key words] Small incision surgery; Efficacy; Spinal trauma; Safety; Traditional open surgery

脊柱创伤为外伤导致的脊柱损伤,主要包括神经、软组织、骨结构损伤等。随着当前社会经济的快速发展,工矿事故、建筑事故以及交通事故到安置的复杂创伤也越来越多,脊柱创伤的发病率也也明显增多[1]。对于病情严重的脊柱创伤患者,多需采取手术治疗,该研究纳入该院2017年3月—2019年3月收治的脊柱创伤患者86例,探讨传统开放性手术与小切口手术治疗效果和安全性,现报道如下。

1  资料与方法

1.1  一般资料

便利选取该院收治的86例脊柱创伤患者,纳入标准:患者均经影像学检查确诊,意识清醒,均为新鲜创伤,患者及家属对该研究知情同意,该研究经医院伦理委员会批准同意;排除合并严重基础疾病,陈旧性创伤骨折患者和恶性肿瘤患者。根据治疗方法的不同,将行小切口手术治疗的46例患者纳入观察组,行传统开放性手术治疗的40例患者纳入对照组。观察组中,男30例,女16例,年龄22~55岁,平均年龄(32.54±5.64)岁;致伤原因:17例为交通事故伤,20例为工矿事故伤,9例为其他原因导致。……

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