刘振湘 李荣生 邹文涛 裘珍飞 余纽 杨锦昌

摘  要：为探讨基质配比对组培苗移植效果的影响，以黄心土和泥炭土为基质，按照体积比设置5种基质配比处理，即T1（100%黄心土）、T2（80%黄心土+20%泥炭土）、T3（60%黄心土+40%泥炭土）、T4（40%黄心土+60%泥炭土）和T5（20%黄心土+80%泥炭土），分析不同基质处理对米老排组培苗移植成活率、生长量和苗木质量指数的影响效应。结果表明：T1和T3处理有利于提高米老排组培苗移植后成活率，移植1个月的苗木成活率以T1最高（83.33%），T3次之（81.11%）;随着泥炭土比例的增加，米老排组培苗的株高、叶片数、地径均呈先增加后降低的变化规律，并在T3时达到峰值，移植6个月的株高、叶数与地径分别为30.93 cm、8.1片和5.04 mm，均极显著高于其他4个处理（P<0.01），分别是T1的2.11、1.82和1.67倍;6个月的苗木地上干重和地下干重大小均为：T3>T4>T5>T2>T1，T3的地上干重和地下干重分别为T1的8.51和5.56倍;T3的苗木质量指数达到了1.13，显著高于T5、T2和T1（P<0.05）。60%黄心土+40%泥炭的混合基质是米老排组培苗移植的理想育苗基质。

关键词：米老排;组培苗;育苗基质;移植效果;苗木质量指数

中图分类号：S722.3+7      文献标识码：A

Abstract： The effect of different nursery substrates on the transplant survival rate， growth indicator and seedling quality index of M. laosensis tissue culture seedlings was investigated by setting five different nursery substrates according to the volume ratio of two nursery substrates （yellow soil and peat soil）. T1 （100% yellow soil） and T3 （60% yellow soil+40% peat soil） were more conducive to the survival of M. laosensis seedlings after transplantation， and the survival rate of the seedlings transplanted for 1 month was the highest （83.33% for T1， and 81.11% for T3）. Plant height， leaf number and ground diameter of M. laosensis seedlings increased first and then decreased with the increase of the proportion of peat soil， and reached the maximum at T3. The three indicators of the seedlings transplanted after 6 months for T3 were 30.93 cm， 8.1 and 5.04 mm， respectively， which were significantly higher than those of the other four treatments （P<0.01）. The aboveground and underground dry weight of M. laosensis seedlings transplanted after 6 months were T3 > T4 > T5 > T2 > T1， and the aboveground and underground dry weight for T3 were 8.51 and 5.56 times of those of T1. Furthermore， the seedling quality index of T3 reached 1.13， which was significantly higher than that of T5， T2 and T1 （P<0.05）. Therefore， the mixture nursery substrates with 60% yellow soil and 40% peat soil were the ideal nursery substrates for tissue culture seedlings of M. laosensis.

Keywords： Mytilaria laosensis; tissue culture seedlings; nursery substrates; effect of transplantation; seedling quality index

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.04.004

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