曾碧玉 苏明华 陈清西 李惠华 常强 王伟

摘  要：對4个不同地理种源金线莲（‘三明尖叶、‘三明圆叶、‘漳州尖叶及‘台湾AF）种植满120 d时的生物量及活性成分进行分析比较。结果显示，单株鲜重和干重及多糖含量以‘漳州尖叶金线莲品种最高，而总多酚及总黄酮含量则均以‘台湾AF金线莲品种最高。同时对4个金线莲品种不同采集时间的活性成分进行分析比较。结果显示，除‘台湾AF金线莲品种外，其余3个品种的变化规律大致相同，即随着移栽时间的延长，总多酚及总黄酮含量缓慢增长，而多糖含量则递减。金线莲‘三明尖叶与‘三明圆叶品种中，总多酚及总黄酮含量均在种植满150 d达到最大值，此时，在‘三明尖叶金线莲中，总多酚及总黄酮含量分别为（9.81±0.24）、（4.62±0.16） mg/g;在‘三明圆叶金线莲中，总多酚及总黄酮含量分别为（9.27±0.22）、（4.60±0.17） mg/g。‘漳州尖叶金线莲品种的总多酚及总黄酮含量均在种植满120 d达到最大值，分别为（7.74±0.05）、（4.63±0.04） mg/g。‘三明尖叶、‘三明圆叶以及‘漳州尖叶金线莲品种的多糖含量分别于种植满90、0、120 d时达到最大值，多糖含量分别为（26.05±2.11）、（24.29±2.33）、（45.90±4.70） mg/g。此外，对‘三明尖叶与‘三明圆叶金线莲品种不同部位活性成分分析发现，多酚与黄酮主要在叶片累积，而糖类物质则主要在茎段累积。

关键词：金线莲;地理种源;采集时间;活性成分

中图分类号：R282.4      文献标识码：A

Abstract： The biomass and active ingredients of four cultivars （‘Sanming NL （narrow leaf）， ‘Sanming RL （round leaf）， ‘Zhangzhou NL and ‘Taiwan AF） of Anoectochilus roxburghii and Anoectochilus formosanus from different geographical sources were assayed 120 days after transplantation. The polysaccharides content， fresh weight and dry weight per plant of ‘Zhangzhou NL were significantly higher than that of the other three cultivars. Also， the total polyphenols and total flavonoids content of ‘Taiwan AF were significantly higher than that of the other three cultivars. The dynamic changes of the active ingredients in different collection periods were investigated. Except for ‘Taiwan AF cultivar， the variation rules of total polyphenols， total flavonoids and polysaccharides content in the three varieties were roughly the same. The content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids increased and the content of polysaccharides decreased with the extension of transplanting time. The content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids reached the maximum 150 days after transplantation for ‘Sanming NL and ‘Sanming RL. For ‘Sanming NL， the content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids was （9.81±0.24） and （4.62±0.16） mg/g， respectively. For ‘Sanming RL， the content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids were （9.27±0.22） and （4.60±0.17） mg/g， respectively. In ‘Zhangzhou RL， the content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids reached the maximum 120 days after transplantation. The content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids in ‘Zhangzhou RL was （7.74±0.05） and （4.63±0.04） mg/g， respectively. The content of polysaccharides reached the maximum 90， 0 and 120 days after transplantation for ‘Sanming NL， ‘Sanming RL and ‘Zhangzhou RL， respectively. The content of polysaccharides was （26.05±2.11）， （24.29±2.33） and （45.90±4.70） mg/g in ‘Sanming NL， ‘Sanming RL and ‘Zhangzhou RL， respectively. Besides， the analysis of the active components in different parts in the plant of ‘Sanming NL and ‘Sanming RL revealed that polyphenols and flavonoids were mainly accumulated in the leaves but sugars in the stems.

Keywords： Anoectochilus roxburghii; collection time; biological characteristics; active ingredients

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.04.024

金线莲[Anoectochilus roxburghii （Wall.） Lin?dl.]，为兰科（Orchidaceae）开唇兰属（Anoec?tochilus）多年生草本植物[1]。是我国传统的珍贵药材，民间素有“药王”、“金草”之美誉。其味甘微苦，性平微寒，具有清热凉血、祛风利湿、强心、固肾、利尿、平肝、降血压等功效，主要用于治疗高血压、糖尿病、心脏病、肺炎、急慢性肝炎、肾炎等症[2]。……