基于COI基因的橡胶树六点始叶螨遗传多样性分析
2020-08-06聂跃卢塘飞陈俊谕张方平牛黎明符悦冠
聂跃 卢塘飞 陈俊谕 张方平 牛黎明 符悦冠



摘 要:六点始叶螨是橡胶树上的重要害螨之一,具有分布范围广、危害重等特点。为了研究其遗传多样性和遗传分化,本研究利用线粒体COI(mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I)基因序列对采自海南、云南、越南河内等地区橡胶树上的11个不同地理种群的165头样本进行了种群的遗传多样性分析。获得的六点始叶螨线粒体COI基因片段长度均为658 bp,分析发现可变位点30个,其中简约信息点15个,单变异位点15个,单倍型15种;种群间FST值为0.34698,Nm值为0.47,GST值为0.19660,表明11个种群的六点始叶螨存在一定的遗传分化。
关键词:六点始叶螨;COI;地理种群;遗传分化
中图分类号:S435.76 文献标识码:A
Abstract: Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) is one of the most important pests of rubber trees, with a wide geographical distribution and heavy infestation. In order to study its genetic diversity and genetic differentiation, the mitochondrial COI gene sequence was used to analyze the genetic structure of 165 individuals from 11 different geographical populations collected from rubber trees in Hainan, Yunnan and Hanoi (Vietnam). The obtained mitochondrial COI gene fragment of the six-pointed spider mites was 658 bp in length. There were 30 variable sites, including 15 simple information points, 15 single mutation sites, and 15 haplotypes. The FST value between populations was 0.34698, the Nm value was 0.47, and the GST value was 0.19660, indicating that there was genetic differentiation in the 11 populations of E. sexmaculatus (Riley).
Keywords: Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley); COI; geographic population; genetic differentiation
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.04.019
六点始叶螨[(Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley))属于叶螨科(Tetranychidae)、始叶螨属(Eotetranychus)。自20世纪70年代首次爆发危害橡胶树以来,该螨已成为我国橡胶树的重要害虫,危害造成叶片变黄、落叶、导致停割降低乳胶产量乃至枝条甚至橡胶树死亡[1-3]。六点始叶螨的寄主范围较广,包括橡胶、柑橘、腰果、番石榴、芒果、菠蘿蜜、油桐、茶树、油梨、苦楝、台湾相思等20多种经济植物[4-6]。六点始叶螨在国内发生范围较为广泛,海南、云南、广东、广西、福建、四川及台湾等省份均有发生[7],但在不同区域其发生程度存在差异,目前国内外有关该螨不同地理种群是否产生遗传分化未见报道。
近些年来,随着科学技术的发展,DNA条形码被广泛用于研究昆虫的遗传分化,其中mt-DNA 是用于研究分子分类和系统发育的常见基因,已经广泛应用于物种起源和分化以及物种的鉴定和分类等方面的研究[8]。……
