富川瑶族自治县饮食文化中野菜的民族植物学研究
2020-08-06苏仕林费崇平
苏仕林 费崇平

摘 要:富川瑶族自治县野菜资源丰富,多种野菜营养丰富、风味独特,形成了当地瑶族重要且独特的饮食文化。采用文献综述法和实地调查分析法对富川县野菜资源情况进行了研究,分析了富川县地理概况、野菜品种、野菜营养和功效、野菜饮食文化。结果表明:富川县饮食文化中的野菜开发存在外界对野菜的认识有限、野生资源采收困难、采收技术不合理、加工贮存技术落后等问题,建议应提高人们对野菜的认识,加强野菜资源的开发利用,实现野菜开发、种植、加工、销售一条龙,提高经济效益。
关键词:野菜;富川瑶族自治县;饮食文化;瑶族;民族植物学
中图分类号 Q94文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2020)14-0036-04
Abstract:Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County is rich in wild vegetable resources,and the nutrient and flavor wild vegetables formed an important and unique diet culture of the local Yao nationality. In this paper, the resources of wild vegetables in Fuchuan County were studied by the methods of literature review and on-the-spot investigation. The geographical situation, varieties, nutrition and function, and the diet culture of wild vegetables in Fuchuan County were analyzed. The results show that there are some problems in the development of wild vegetables in the diet culture of Fuchuan County, such as the limited understanding of wild vegetables, the difficulties in harvesting wild resources, the unreasonable harvesting technology, the backward processing and storage technology, etc. We should improve people's understanding of wild vegetables, strengthen the development of wild vegetable resources, realize the integration of development, planting, processing and sales of wild vegetables, and bring certain economic benefits to the local people.
Key words: Wild Vegetables; Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County; Dietary Culture; Yao Nationality; Ethnobotany
富川瑤族自治县山林广阔,野菜资源丰富,多民族杂居,其中以瑶族为主。瑶族始于深山之中,过着刀耕火种的游耕生活,在当时野菜是瑶族重要的蔬菜来源,食用野菜是瑶族传统,时至今日,瑶族的生活水平得到了很大的提高,但野菜仍是瑶族饮食文化中的重要组成部分[1]。目前,富川县拥有丰富的野菜资源,但大部分野菜都得不到很好的开发利用,其野菜的民族植物研究迫在眉睫[2]。我国是多民族国家,以汉族为主导,学者对汉族植物资源研究较多,但对于特定民族范围中野菜资源的研究较少[3]。笔者选择富川县的野菜资源进行民族植物学研究,在文献研究和实际走访的基础上,调查富川县饮食文化中的野菜资源,为野菜资源的开发利用及生态环境保护提供科学依据。……
