项目化教学在园林景观设计专业中的探索
2020-08-04冯福娟王洪丽李佳欣唐玉海刘杰
冯福娟 王洪丽 李佳欣 唐玉海 刘杰



摘要 园林景观设计专业是为创建人类宜居环境,将现代技术与审美观念应用于其中的一门专业。园林景观设计专业一直沿用教师课堂授课,学生接受并完成教师所布置任务的授课方式,已越来越不能满足社会和市场对园林景观设计实践操作技能方面的需求。项目化教学是一种以实地景观设计项目为载体,以学生为主体完成项目的教学法。项目化教学的方法,不过分注重建构完整的学科体系,而是更加注重教学过程的实践。教学与项目操作同时进行,学生在实际项目中提升自己的实践能力,增加了对学科内容的理解以及学科市场等方面的认识。
关键词 园林;项目化教学;探索
中图分类号 S-01 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2020)14-0269-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.075
Abstract Landscape design specialty is a specialty that applies modern technology and aesthetic concept to create a livable environment for human beings. Landscape Architecture Specialty has always been used by teachers to teach in class. The way that students accept and complete the tasks assigned by teachers has become increasingly unable to meet the needs of society and the market for the practical operation skills of landscape design. Project-based teaching is a kind of teaching method which takes the field landscape design project as the carrier and takes students as the main body to complete the project. The method of project-based teaching pays more attention to the practice of teaching process rather than the construction of a complete discipline system. Teaching and project operation are carried out at the same time. Students improve their practical ability in practical projects, and increase their understanding of subject content and subject market.
Key words Garden;Project-based teaching;Exploration
项目化教学的英文表述有“计划”“项目工程”之意,强调了项目化教学中的以项目为目的的计划与实践,培养学生的实践动手能力。项目化教学起源于欧洲教学理论中的劳教思想[1]。项目化教学在20世纪就由德国海因里希教授在国际教育论坛上推广[2],随之在世界学校各级课程教育中得以应用。在我国古代历史文化中,文化繁荣的春秋时期,诸子百家争鸣。墨家注重实用技术的传授与学习,将学习的内容看作实践项目,经过实践得出权威的实用理论,正因为如此,才能将各种实用的应用理论传授给人民。在如今各级学校的应用中,项目化教学是教师分配实践任务给学生,学生独立自主完成项目,教师不直接参与其中的一种教学方式[3]。……
