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冰鲜鸽加工过程中微生物关键控制点研究

2020-08-04姚丽锋丁琦蔡教英游淑珠潘政王小玉

安徽农业科学 2020年14期

姚丽锋 丁琦 蔡教英 游淑珠 潘政 王小玉

摘要 [目的]在冰鲜鸽加工过程中,控制微生物污染以提高冰鲜鸽的加工品质。[方法]对冰鲜鸽加工企业生产过程中的微生物污染情况进行普查,分别对车间空气、接触面、工人手、刀具、预冷水及加工过程中的鸽胴体进行取样,运用传统微生物培养方法培养和计数,找出冰鲜鸽加工过程中的潜在污染源及关键控制点。[结果]冰鲜鸽加工过程中微生物控制的关键点主要有车间空气(开膛间、风冷间)、包装间接触面、工人手及预冷工艺过程。 [结论]根据试验结果制定相应的控制措施,即加强生产过程中的卫生控制,制定实施严格的卫生标准操作程序,同时优化预冷过程减菌工艺、设备,以有效控制冰鲜鸽初始微生物污染水平。

关键词 冰鲜鸽;加工过程;微生物;关键控制点

中图分类号 TS201.3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2020)14-0178-03

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.050

Abstract [Objective]To control microbial contamination in processing and ensure the quality of chilled pigeon. [Method]The microbiological pollution in the production process of chilled pigeon processing enterprises was investigated, the air in the workshop, contact surface, workers hands, knives, pre-cold water and pigeon carcasses in the processing process were sampled respectively, and the potential pollution sources in the processing process of chilled pigeon were identified by using the traditional microbial culture method. [Result]The air in the workshop (ripper room, air cooling room), contact surface in the packaging room, hands of workers and pre-cooling process of chilled pigeon are potential microbial pollution sources. [Conclusion]According to the test results, corresponding control measures can be formulated to strengthen the hygiene control in the production process, formulate and implement strict hygiene standard operating procedures, and optimize the bacteria reduction process and equipment in the pre-cooling process, so as to effectively control the initial microbial pollution level of chilled pigeon.

Key words Chilled pigeon;Processing process;Microorganism;Critical control points

粤港澳等地区素来有食用乳鸽的饮食习惯,且烹调方法多种多样,市场对鸽肉的需求也越来越大。但近年来禽流感的暴发导致销售市场明显萎缩,同时各地政府出台了相关强制性规定,如定点屠宰、禁止活禽宰杀交易等。2014年以来广东省倡导“集中屠宰、冷链配送、生鲜上市”的家禽屠宰政策。随着禽类食品供应模式的改变,以冰鲜替代活禽上市作为一种适应性强、健康卫生的禽类供应方式逐渐被消费者接受。

鸽肉中蛋白质、不饱和脂肪酸含量高,脂肪、胆固醇含量低,且水分活度较高,在加工、运输、贮藏、销售过程中品质会迅速下降,甚至腐败变质,影响其营养和风味[1-2]。……

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