陈连根 朱砚雯 李融梅 毕庆泗 周玲琴 周定瑞

摘要 [目的]探究欒多态毛蚜的形态特性、消长规律及防治策略。[方法]通过室内制片、镜检，描述了各蚜型的形态特征;通过室外采样调查，研究栾多态毛蚜消长规律。[结果]栾多态毛蚜属于同寄主全周期型，其蚜型有干母、孤雌蚜（分有翅和无翅）、性母（分有翅和无翅）、性蚜（分有翅和无翅）;孤雌蚜中，又分干雌和干雌后代;虫态有卵、若蚜（1～4龄）、滞育型、成蚜。孤雌蚜于4月中旬种群数量开始上升，5月上、中旬达到高峰，之后下降;滞育型蚜在4月下旬或5月上旬开始发生，5月中旬达到高峰，5月下旬下降，6、7月少量发生，8—10月上旬未见;性母于10月中旬开始发生，10月下旬到11月上旬达到高峰，11月中旬下降，与此同时，性蚜开始出现，11月下旬，性蚜迁移到枝条或主干上，雌性蚜开始产卵，然后，以卵越冬;卵主要分布在栾树的主干和一级分叉;不同类型绿地，蚜虫、天敌发生情况具有差异。[结论]春季是该蚜的主要危害期，夏季叶片上基本未见蚜虫，秋季虫量虽然多于春季，但危害并不严重;不同类型绿地，可采取不同的防治策略。

关键词 栾多态毛蚜;形态特征;消长规律;卵分布;天敌

中图分类号 S763.36 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2020）14-0147-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.14.041

Abstract [Objective]To explore the morphology，growth and decline rules and control strategies of Periphyllus koelreuteriae （Takahashi）. [Method]The morphology of the various aphid types or the aphid states were described by making slide specimens and microscopic observation indoors in this paper;through field sampling investigation， the growth and decline rules of Periphyllus koelreuteriae were studied. [Result]Periphyllus koelreuteriae belongs to all-periodic type of host， the aphid type has fundatrix， viviparous females（winged and wingless）， sexupara（winged and wingless）， sexual aphids（winged and wingless）;viviparous females are divided into fundatrigenia and genesis stages of the aphids;insect have egg， aphids（1st-4th instarnymphs）， diapause aphids and adult aphids. The results showed that population of the viviparous females began to increase in the second ten days of April， peaked in the first， second ten days of May， and then declined;the diapause aphids began to occur in the last ten days of April or the first ten days of May， peaked in the second ten days of May， declined in the last ten days of May， occurred in a small amount in June and July， and not seen from August to the first ten days of October;the sexupara began to occur in the second ten days of October， peaked from the last ten days of October to the first ten days of November， and declined in the second ten days of November. At the same time， the sexual aphids began to appear， and moved from the leaves of Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm to the branches or trunk in the last ten days of November， the oviparous females began to lay eggs， and then the aphids overwintered with eggs;the eggs were mainly distributed on the trunk and the primary furcation;the occurrences of the aphids and natural enemies were different in various types of green land. [Conclusion]Spring is the main damage period of the aphid. There is no aphids on the leaves in summer. Although the amount of aphid in autumn is more than that in spring， the damage is not serious. Different types of green space can adopt different control strategies.

Key words Periphyllus koelreuteriae （Takahashi）;Morphological characteristics;Growth and decline rules;Egg distribution;Natural enemies

栾树为落叶乔木，树形端正，枝叶茂密而秀丽，春季嫩叶多为红色，入秋后，色彩丰富，首先是树冠满是金黄的花序，接下来是一串串高挂枝头的红色蒴果，形似灯笼，绚丽悦目;栾树适应性强，具有抗粉尘、二氧化硫和臭氧的特性[1]，被广泛用作行道树、庭荫树等绿地树种[2]。……