赵禹

[摘要] 目的 探討实时荧光定量PCR技术在手足口病检测中的应用。 方法 选择本溪市疾病预防控制中心2018年2月～2019年6月收治的120例手足口病患儿作为研究对象，根据检测方法不同分为对照组和观察组。对照组利用常规PCR技术检测手足口病组，实时荧光定量PCR技术检测手足口病为观察组。比较两组的检出肠道病毒分型EV、EV71、CoxA16阳性率，特异性和灵敏度。 结果 采用实时荧光定量PCR技术与常规PCR技术检测手足口病肠道病毒分型EV、EV71、CoxA16的阳性率及两组特异性和灵敏度相比，观察组检测阳性率为66.67%，明显高于对照组检测阳性率的21.67%，观察组检出阳性率高于对照组，两组均有特异性，观察组灵敏度优于对照组，对照组最低检测限均为4.11×103 cfu/mL。而观察组均为4.11×102 cfu/mL。 结论 荧光定量PCR技术在检测肠道病毒中不仅具有特异性高，还具有灵敏度高、检测时间快的特点，有助于更快诊断手足口病，更好的服务于临床。

[关键词] 手足口病;荧光定量PCR;柯萨奇病毒A组16型;肠道病毒71型

[中图分类号] R440          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2020）15-0148-03

Application of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technology in detection of hand-foot-mouth disease

ZHAO Yu

Department of Microbiology， Benxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control in Liaoning Province， Benxi   117000， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technology in the detection of hand-foot- mouth disease. Methods A total of 120 children with hand-foot-mouth disease treated in Benxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control from February 2018 to June 2019 were selected as research subjects. They were divided into the control group and the observation group according to different detection methods. Patients with hand-foot-mouth disease detected by conventional PCR technology were classified as the control group， and those detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technology were classified as the observation group. The positive rates， specificity， and sensitivity of enterovirus（EV） typing， enterovirus 71（EV71）， and coxsackievirus A16（CoxA16） were compared between the two groups. Results The positive rates of EV typing， EV71， and CoxA16， specificity and sensitivity in detection of hand-foot-mouth disease using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and conventional PCR were compared. The positive rates in the observation group and the control group were 66.67% and 21.67%， respectively. The positive rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Specificity was showed in both groups. The sensitivity in the observation group was higher than that in the control group. The minimum detection limit of the control group was 4.11×103 cfu/mL and that of the observation group was 4.11×102 cfu/mL. Conclusion Fluorescent quantitative PCR technology is with high specificity， high sensitivity and fast detection time， which benefits the faster diagnosis of hand-foot-mouth disease and serves clinical care better.

[Key words] Hand-foot-mouth disease; Fluorescent quantitative PCR; Coxsackievirus A16; Enterovirus 71

手足口病主要致病菌是肠道病毒，该传染病的主要传播途径是通过消化道、呼吸道和密切接触等[1]，人群较易受感染，但多见于婴幼儿。其发病率最高人群为5岁以下儿童，肠道病毒可以引起多种传染病如脊髓灰质炎、柯萨奇病毒、手足口病等，但引起手足口病最为常见的是肠道病毒71型（Human enterovirus 71， EV71）和柯萨奇病毒A组16型（CoxsackievirusA16，CoxA16），但近年来引起并发症主要以EV71分型为主，该病的发病流行特点是一年四季均可以发病，尤以夏秋季节最多见[2]。……