抗生素在土壤中的环境风险及锰氧化物修复技术的研究进展
2020-07-23刘迪李赟卢信范如芹刘丽珠高岩童非张振华
刘迪 李赟 卢信 范如芹 刘丽珠 高岩 童非 张振华
摘要:土壤中以四环素类为代表的抗生素的污染较为严重,会对土壤环境产生诸多生态风险,并威胁着人类的健康。本文主要介绍了土壤中抗生素的污染现状、抗生素污染对土壤生物和人类健康的危害以及土壤环境中抗生素的主要降解方式,着重综述了锰氧化物修复技术对抗生素污染土壤修复的作用、机理和影响因素等方面的研究进展, 并对今后抗生素污染土壤的锰氧化物修复研究进行了展望。
关键词:锰氧化物;抗生素;修复
中图分类号:X53文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-4440(2020)03-0785-10
Research progress on environmental risks and remediation of antibiotic contaminated soil by manganese oxide technology
LIU Di1,2,LI Yun2,LU Xin2,FAN Ru-qin2,LIU Li-zhu2,GAO Yan2,TONG Fei2,ZHANG Zhen-hua2
(1.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China)
Abstract: The pollution of antibiotics represented by tetracyclines in soil is serious, which will bring many ecological risks to soil environment and threaten human health. In this paper, the present situation of antibiotic pollution in soil, the harm of antibiotic pollution to soil organisms and human health, and the main degradation methods of antibiotics in soil environment were introduced. The effects, mechanisms and influencing factors of the remediation of antibiotic-contaminated soil by manganese oxide technology were reviewed, and the future research directions on the remediation of antibiotic-contaminated soil by manganese oxide were prospected.
Key words:manganese oxide;antibiotics;remediation
抗生素已被廣泛有效地用于人类和动物的医药制品中,它作为生长促进剂在农业、畜禽养殖、水产养殖、养蜂中起到一定的作用[1]。中国作为一个人口大国,大量生产和使用抗生素,抗生素的持续投入威胁到生态环境和人类健康[2]。大约85%的抗生素通过畜禽粪便进入环境[3],再经过一定的方式进入土壤。此外,抗生素还可通过污水灌溉、垃圾堆肥的渗滤液、有机肥施用等途径直接进入土壤[4-5]。抗生素进入土壤后会使土壤结构发生改变,影响土壤中的微生物群落,破坏土壤中微生态平衡,引发农业生产效率降低,农产品安全等问题[6]。目前,大量国内外文献介绍了抗生素在土壤中的迁移转化行为[7-9]、抗生素在土壤中的残留特征和风险评估[10-12]以及分析检测土壤中抗生素的相关技术[13],但是关于土壤中抗生素的氧化降解的研究尚比较少。……
