祁潇哲 罗云波

摘要：针对中国农业技术发展的短板，采用分类分析的方法对各项短板逐一剖析，结果表明，中国农业技术发展主要存在以下短板，包括粮食安全、农产品贮运保鲜、农药生产技术、动物育种技术、食品营养与健康、饮食与慢性病。为解决上述短板，要降低粮食流通领域损失、提高农产品物流保鲜能力、提升农药竞争力、加大动物育种投入力度、发展功能农业产业、加强饮食营养与慢性病研究。同时，必须深化农业供给侧结构性改革，让科技创新引领农业技术发展，实现“强弱项、补短板、施长项”的农业发展愿景。

关键词：粮食安全;贮运保鲜;农药生产;动物育种;营养与健康

中图分类号：F323         文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2020）06-0184-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.06.038           开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Thoughts on weaknesses of Chinas agricultural technology

QI Xiao-zhe1，LUO Yun-bo2，3

（1.Standards and Quality Center of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration，Beijing 100037，China;2.College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering，China Agricultural University，Beijing 100083，China;3.Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism （Food Safety），Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， Beijing 100083，China）

Abstract： Aiming at the weaknesses of agricultural technology development in China， the methods of classification analysis were applied to analyze each one. The results showed that， the weaknesses of agricultural technology development in China are mainly the following aspects， including grain security， storage and transportation of agricultural products， pesticide production technology， animal breeding technology， food nutrition and health， diet and chronic diseases. In order to solve the above shortcomings， it is necessary to reduce the loss of grain circulation， improve the fresh-keeping capacity of agricultural product logistics， increase the competitiveness of pesticides， increase investment in animal breeding， develop functional agricultural industries， and strengthen research on diet nutrition and chronic diseases. At the same time， we must deepen agricultural supply-side structural reforms， allow scientific and technological innovation to lead the development of agricultural technology， and realize the agricultural development vision of "weaknesses， weaknesses， and strengths".

Key words： food security; storage and transportation; pesticide production; animal breeding; nutrition and health

中國是农业大国，拥有悠久的农耕文明。自改革开放以来，中国农业取得了长足发展，其中农业技术的创新、发展和推广在现代农业文明建设中发挥了巨大作用。党的十九大报告指出，中国特色社会主义进入新时代，中国社会主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。利用农业新技术实现人民对美好生活的向往是农业科技工作者需要肩负的使命，利用农业新技术是推动中国农业由高速发展转向高质量发展的必要手段。充分发挥农业技术优势有助于保障乡村振兴战略和农业供给侧结构性改革顺利实施。当前，中国农业技术发展在一些方面仍面临短板，如粮食安全、农药残留、营养需求等，阻碍了中国农业实现提质增效。……