禹冰 杨延基 吝成旺

摘要：以郑州市雕塑公园为研究对象，选取16个滨水植物景观单元，结合AHP法、景观美学指数法、BIB-LCJ法、SD法建立综合评价模型。结果表明，专业人士与公众在对单个因子评判上虽然存在差异，但总体保持一致。雕塑公园整体滨水植物景观美学指数为6.72，属于一般至较好水平，具有研究价值及提升空间，对美景度大于1.500的4个滨水植物景观单元通过SPSS 25.0软件进行因子分析，特征因子、認知因子、感受因子与体验因子是影响景观质量的4种因子，特征因子贡献率最大。滨水植物景观质量提升不仅要保证基本的物种丰富度、水的生态性等，还要注重植物色彩等观赏特性的运用，提升局部景观特色，用具生命力的植物元素塑造专类公园主题。

关键词：滨水植物景观;AHP法;景观美学指数法;BIB-LCJ法;SD法;因子分析;郑州市

中图分类号：TU986.2         文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2020）06-0117-09

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2020.06.024           开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Evaluation and analysis of waterfront plant landscape in urban specialized parks：

Taking Zhengzhou sculpture park as an example

YU Bing，YANG Yan-ji，LIN Cheng-wang，FENG Li-ming，WANG Peng-fei

（College of Forestry，Henan Agricultural University，Zhengzhou 450002，China）

Abstract： Taking Zhengzhou sculpture park as the research object， 16 waterfront plant landscape units are selected and integrated with AHP method， landscape aesthetic index method， BIB-LCJ method and SD method to establish a comprehensive evaluation model. The results show that although there are differences between professionals and the public in the evaluation of individual factors， the overall consistency is maintained. The overall plant landscape aesthetics index of the sculpture park is 6.72， which belongs to the general to better level and has research value and promotion space. Factor analysis of four waterfront plant landscape units with scenic beauty greater than 1.500 is carried out by SPSS 25.0 software. The four elements that affect the landscape quality are characteristic factor， cognitive factor， perception factor and experience factor. The contribution rate of characteristic factors is the largest. To improve the quality of waterfront plant landscape， we should not only ensure the basic species richness and water ecology， but also pay attention to the use of ornamental characteristics such as plant color， enhance local landscape characteristics， and shape the theme of special parks with vitality plant elements.

Key words： waterfront plant landscape; AHP method; landscape aesthetic index method; BIB-LCJ method; SD method; factor analysis; Zhengzhou city

对于城市公园而言，水体是不可或缺的要素之一，滨水景观则是公园内重要的生态交错带[1，2]，其兼具了保护物种、涵养水源、展现美学等功能。而植物作为有生命的元素，植物群落则是影响滨水生态交错带发挥效益的决定性因素，可将滨水空间进行再创造[3]。专类公园中滨水景观的塑造是专类主题展现的形式之一，因此滨水植物景观的质量将直接影响滨水景观甚至整个公园的景观质量[4]，对滨水植物景观进行分析研究具有重要意义。

滨水景观带的相关研究始于20世纪70年代[5，6]，在滨水植物景观研究方面，主要包含植物物种、植物色彩量化、生态性等局部方面，有关从整体到局部因子的系统性分析与评价的研究相对较少。……