上海某社区60岁及以上老年高血压患者的血压控制现况
2020-06-01王娟英
王娟英


摘 要 目的:了解上海某社区60岁及以上老年高血压患者的血压控制情况。方法:收集某社区参加免费体检的60岁及以上老年高血压患者305人的血压值。患者平均年龄(68.88±0.23)岁,其中男性患者151人,平均年龄(63.72±0.46)岁,女性患者154人,平均年龄(73.94±0.46)岁,分析患者的血压控制情况以及糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中伴发情况。结果:305名高血压患者中,血压控制人数为153人,血压控制率为50.2%。血压未控制组的糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中等伴发症发生率为20.4%,高于血压控制组的伴发症发生率9.3%(χ2=4.97,P<0.05)。结论:应加强对血压控制不佳者进行管理,包括生活方式干预、高血压知识宣教、药物治疗、跟踪随访等,提高患者和家属对高血压的认识,帮助患者建立良好的生活习惯,改善生活质量,提高服药依从性,提升患者的自我效能,最终有效控制高血压患者的血压水平。
关键词 高血压;血压控制;老年人;社区
中图分类号:R544.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2020)10-0058-02
The current situation of blood pressure control in hypertension patients aged 60 and over in a community of Shanghai
WANG Juanying
(General Practice Clinic of Nanqiao Community Health Service Center of Fengxian District, Shanghai 201499, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the blood pressure control in hypertension patients aged 60 and above in a community in Shanghai. Methods: The data of blood pressure of 305 elderly patients with hypertension aged 60 years and above who took part in free medical examination in a certain community were collected. The average age was (68.88±0.23) years old, of whom 151 were male with the average age of (63.72±0.46) years old, 154 were female with the average age of (73.94±0.46) years old, and the blood pressure control status and the concomitant conditions of diabetes, coronary heart disease and stroke of the patients were analyzed. Results: Among 305 patients with hypertension, the number of the blood pressure control was 153, and the blood pressure control rate was 50.2%. The incidence of complications such as diabetes, coronary heart disease and stroke in the uncontrolled blood pressure group was 20.4%, which was higher than that in the blood pressure control group 9.3%, and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=4.97, P<0.05). Conclusion: The patients with poor blood pressure control should be managed, including lifestyle intervention, hypertension knowledge education, drug treatment, follow-up, etc. to improve the awareness of patients and their families about hypertension, help the patients to establish good living habits, improve quality of life, compliance with medication, and the self-efficacy of the patients, and finally effectively control the blood pressure level of the patients with hypertension.
KEY WORDS hypertension; blood pressure control; elderly people; community
高血壓是一种常见病,多发病,它常引起心、脑、肾等的并发症,是冠心病、脑卒中的主要危险因素,直接严重影响和威胁患者的健康和生活质量。我国高血压调查最新数据显示,18岁以上居民高血压患病粗率为27.9%,高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为51.6%、45.8%和16.8%,较前几年有明显增高,但总体仍处于较低水平[1]。因此积极控制高血压是我国心血管疾病防治工作的重中之重[2]。本文旨在了解上海某社区60岁及以上老年高血压患者的血压控制情况。
1 资料与方法
1.1 资料
收集上海某社区参加免费体检的60岁及以上户籍老年高血压患者305人的血压值数据,平均年龄(68.88±0.23)岁。其中男性151人,平均年龄(63.72±0.46)岁;女性154人,平均年龄(73.94±0.46)岁。年龄60~70岁有145人;71~80岁有146人;80岁以上有14人。
1.2 调查方法
对305例高血压患者进行血压测量。测量血压采用统一的标准方法[3]:测量工具是水银柱式血压……
