徐金凤

摘 要 目的：了解上海市嘉定区外冈镇60岁及以上老年人的血脂异常流行现况及其影响因素，为老年人慢性病的预防和干预提供科学依据。方法：于2018年对上海外冈镇9 018名60岁以上老年人进行健康体检和问卷调查。老年人的平均年龄为（69.69±7.32）岁，其中男性4 043人，占44.83%，女性4 975人，占55.17%。分析老年的血脂和影响因素。结果：上海市外冈镇老年人血脂异常的总体检出率为31.84%，高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症检出率分别为9.21%、14.47%、10.49%和12.10%。纳入多因素logistic回归分析发现，女性，超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖、高血压与血糖异常是老年人群血脂异常的危险因素。结论：应当重点关注女性、超重或肥胖者，尤其是中心性肥胖、高血压患者与血糖异常的老年人的血脂情况，有针对性地实施健康管理措施。

关键词 血脂异常；社区；老年人

中图分类号：R589.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2020）10-0054-04

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of dyslipidemia in the elderly population in a town of Shanghai

XU Jinfeng

（General Practice Department of Waigang Community Health Service Center of Jiading District， Shanghai 201806， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To understand the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the elderly aged 60 and above in Waigang Community of Jiading District， Shanghai， and the influencing factors in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of chronic diseases in the elderly. Methods： In 2018， 9 018 elderly people aged 60 and above in Waigang Community underwent physical examination and a questionnaire survey. The average age of the elderly was （69.69±7.32） years， of whom 4 043 were males， accounting for 44.83%， and 4 975 were females， accounting for 55.17%. The blood lipid and influencing factors in the elderly were analyzed. Results： The total physical examination rate of the elderly with dyslipidemia was 31.84%， and the detection rates of hypercholesterolemia， hypertriglyceride， high-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol， and low-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were 9.21%， 14.47%， 10.49%， and 12.10%， respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the female， overweight， obesity， central obesity， hypertension and abnormal blood glucose were risk factors for dyslipidemia in the elderly. Conclusion： It is necessary to focus on the female， overweight or obese， especially central obesity， hypertension patients and elderly with abnormal blood glucose for implementing targeted health management measures.

KEY WORDS dyslipidemia； community； elderly people

心腦血管疾病是包括中国在内的多数国家的首位死因[1-2]，而血脂异常是心脑血管疾病（特别是冠心病）发病的重要危险因素[3-4]。控制人群的血脂水平现已成为冠心病防治主要目标。随着我国人口老龄化现象日益加剧，老年人群血脂异常的早期防控也受到越来越多的重视与关注。本研究旨在分析上海嘉定区外冈镇老年人群血脂异常现况及其相关的潜在危险因素，为社区制定老年人群血脂异常综合防治策略提供参考。

1 对象和方法

1.1 对象

根据居民自愿的原则共调查了9 018位60岁及以上老年人，平均年龄为（69.69±7.32）岁，其中男性4 043人，占44.83%，女性4 975人，占55.17%。……