规范化随访管理社区2型糖尿病患者的效果观察
2020-06-01龚慧刘文斌张韶伟任碧金张安刘金金
龚慧 刘文斌 张韶伟 任碧金 张安 刘金金



摘 要 目的:觀察对社区2型糖尿病患者实施规范化随访管理的效果。方法:选取2015年5月-2018年4月在上海定海社区管理的2 618例2型糖尿病患者。其中男性1 308人,占49.96%;女性1 310人,占50.04%。年龄29~99岁,平均年龄(72.09±11.3)岁。开展连续3年的规范化随访管理,包括健康教育,分类干预,饮食、运动和药物的综合指导,评估饮食、服药遵医行为和血糖和血压改善情况。结果:3年规范化管理期间,血糖和血压控制率均逐年递增(41.3%、49.3%、57.6%和97.0%、98.0%、98.7%,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,调整年龄、性别、疾病史、糖尿病病程、BMI因素后,血压正常、遵医嘱饮食是糖尿病患者血糖控制良好的保护性因素,服药不规律、体力活动时间短、或体力活动强度低是糖尿病患者血糖控制不佳的危险因素。结论:社区规范化随访可有效提高2型糖尿病患者血糖和血压的控制水平,有助于减少并发症发生,提高生活质量。
关键词 2型糖尿病;规范化随访;效果
中图分类号:R587.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2020)10-0043-05
Observation of the effect of standardized follow-up management of type 2 diabetes in
the community
GONG Hui1, LIU Wenbin2, ZHANG Shaowei2, REN Bijin1, ZHANG An3, LIU Jinjin3
(1. Prevention and Health Care Department of Dinghai Community Health Service Center affiliated to Medical College of Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China; 2. Office of Dinghai Community Health Service Center affiliated to Medical College of Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China; 3 Public Health School of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To observe the effect of standardized follow-up management of type 2 diabetes patients in the community. Methods: From May 2015 to April 2018 2 618 patients with type 2 diabetes who were managed in Dinghai Community of Shanghai were selected, and among them there were 1 308 males, accounting for 49.96 per cent; there were 1 310 females, accounting for 50.04 per cent. The age ranged from 29 to 99 years, with an average age of (72.09 ± 11.3) years. The standardized follow-up management was carried out for 3 consecutive years, including health education, classified intervention, comprehensive guidance on diet, exercise and drugs, diet evaluation, medication compliance and blood sugar and blood pressure improvement. Results: During the 3-year standardized management period, the blood glucose and blood pressure control rates increased year by year (41.3%, 49.3%, 57.6% and 97.0%, 98.0%, 98.7%, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting age, sex, history of diseases, course of diabetes and BMI, normal blood pressure and diet according to doctors advice were protective factors for good blood sugar control in diabetic patients, and irregular medication, short time, and low intensity of physical activity were risk factors for poor blood sugar control in diabetic patients. Conclusion: Community standardized follow-up can effectively improve the control level of blood sugar and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes patients, help reduce complications and improve quality of life.
KEY WORDS type 2 diabetes; standardized follow-up; effect
糖尿病是一种慢性终身代谢性疾病,易引起心脑血管、肾、眼及足部的并发症,严重影响患者的生活质量[1]。我国糖尿病患病率从30年前的0.67%迅速飙升到目前的10.4%,成为世界第一糖尿病大国,给社会带来沉重的疾病负担[2-3]。国外在糖尿病管理方面已形成多种比较完善的疾病管理方案[4]。我国社区卫生服务起步较晚,自1997年起才逐步开展社区糖尿病防治工作。全国各地在糖尿病管理内容、管理形式以及管理程序上有着很大的差别,尚无统一规范的糖尿病管理模式[5-6]。2009年我国开始实施《国家基本公共卫生服务规范(第一版)》,将糖尿病列入了规范管理范围,2015年国家卫计委对规范做了进一步修订,为社区糖尿病管理提供了明确指导方案。本文旨在评价对上海定海街道管辖的2型糖尿病患者进行连续3年规范化管理的效果。
1 资料与方法
1.1 资料
收集上海杨浦区定海社区2015年5月前建卡管理的2型糖尿病患者资料,根据纳入排除标准筛选研究对象。……
