王春云 陈春燕 乔建刚

摘要 随着步行在中短距离出行中的比例日益增长，发展步行交通，推动交通结构的总体优化愈发受公众重视。适用性高的行人过街设施不仅可以确保行人的安全，还能使道路畅通。通过对现有不同类型的行人过街设施进行评价，找出存在问题及缺口，对过街设施的新建提供理论依据。以北京市大兴区为例，选取行人过街时间、过街延误、道路服务水平、机动车延误、设施建设费用等指标，从安全、效率、经济3方面建立评价体系，结合层次分析法和模糊综合评分法，评价相邻路口的2种类型的过街设施。结果表明立体过街设施优于平面过街设施。

关 键 词 层次分析法;模糊综合评分;行人过街设施;安全;效率

中图分类号 U491.2     文献标志码 A

Evaluation of pedestrian crossing facilities based on AHP- fuzzy comprehensive scoring method

WANG Chunyun1， CHEN Chunyan2， QIAO Jiangang2

（1. Baoding Vocational and Technical College， Baoding， Hebei 071051， China; 2. School of Civil Engineering and Transportation， Hebei University of Technology， Tianjin 300401， China）

Abstract With the increasing proportion of walking in short-distance travel， developing walking traffic and promoting the overall optimization of traffic structure have caused more public attention. High applicable pedestrian crossing facilities can not only ensure  pedestrians′ safety， but also make roads unobstructed. Through the evaluation of different types of pedestrian street facilities， the existing problems and gaps are found， and the theoretical basis for the construction of crossing facilities is provided. Taking Daxing District of Beijing as an example， we first selected indexes such as pedestrian crossing time，crossing delay， road service level， vehicle delay， facilities construction cost and so on to establish an evaluation system by considering three aspects of the facilities： safety， efficiency， and economy. Then by combining analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method， we evaluated two types of crossing facilities at adjacent junctions. The results show that the stereoscopic crossing facility is superior to the plane crossing facility.

Key words analytic hierarchy process; fuzzy comprehensive score; pedestrian crossing facilities; safety; efficiency

0 引言

行人過街设施主要分为平面过街设施和立体过街设施2类。传统的平面过街设施存在安全性差、效率低、易造成拥堵等问题。而立体过街设施虽然能将问题得以解决，但是面临较大的施工及运维成本。行人过街设施的类型选取首先要满足行人的过街需求，保证行人过街安全;其次还要考虑行人便捷性的需要。两类过街设施的选型及选址研究也一直成为许多学者的难点[1-4]。

目前，国内外基于行人过街行为方面有了一些成果[5-8]，在评价上研究较少。庞雅静[9]基于行人交通特性，以模糊测度理论为基础建立了一套适用于信号交叉口行人过街的安全评价体系。刘贵谦[10]从过街行人对立体过街设施的满意度及选择偏好角度，建立了基于行人选择偏好的Probit模型并对立体过街设施服务性能进行了评价。……