[摘要] 目的 探讨对上消化道出血合并糖尿病酮症酸中毒的患者进行有针对性的护理和健康教育是否有较为积极的临床意义。方法 从2017年1月—2019年6月该院收治的上消化道出血合并糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者中选取74例，其中进行常规急救和护理的37例患者为A组，进行有针对性的护理和健康教育的另外37例患者为B组，比较两组患者的护理满意度和健康知识知晓率。结果 两组患者的护理满意度比较，A组患者为86.49%，B组患者为97.30%，B组明显高于A组（χ2=5.962，P<0.05）;两组患者的健康知识知晓率比较，A组患者为75.68%，B组患者为91.89%，B组明显高于A组（χ2=6.025，P<0.05）。结论 对上消化道出血合并糖尿病酮症酸中毒的患者进行有针对性的护理和健康教育，可以使患者掌握更多的疾病注意事项和健康知识，从而提高患者的治疗依从性，对于患者的预后和护理质量的提高都有十分积极的意义，所以值得推广应用。

[关键词] 上消化道出血;糖尿病酮症酸中毒;护理;健康教育

[中图分类号] R587.1          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1672-4062（2020）02（a）-0006-03

Nursing and Health Education of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding with Diabetic Ketoacidosis

LIN Jie-xin

Department of Gastroenterology， Guangzhou First People's Hospital， Guangzhou， Guangdong Province， 510000 China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate whether the targeted nursing and health education of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding combined with diabetic ketoacidosis have positive clinical significance. Methods From January 2017 to June 2019， 74 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and diabetic ketoacidosis treated in the hospital were selected， of which 37 patients who received routine emergency care and care were group A， and other 37 patients of targeted nursing and health education were group B， and the nursing satisfaction and health knowledge awareness rate were compared between the two groups. Results The comparison of nursing satisfaction between two groups of patients was 86.49% in group A and 97.30% in group B. Group B was significantly higher than group A（χ2=5.962，P<0.05）. Comparison of health knowledge awareness rates between the two groups of patients was 75.68%， group B patients were 91.89%， group B was significantly higher than group A（χ2=6.025，P<0.05）. Conclusion Targeted nursing and health education for patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and diabetic ketoacidosis can enable patients to master more disease precautions and health knowledge， thereby improving compliance and prognosis for patients' nursing quality， which has very positive significance， so it is worth promoting and applying.

[Key words] Upper gastrointestinal bleeding; Diabetic ketoacidosis; Nursing; Health education

上消化道出血作为一种临床常见急症[1]，通常是由于胃、食管、十二指肠、胆管、胰腺、肝脏等发生病变所引起的出血，由于出血发生在屈氏韧带以上，所以统称为上消化道出血[2]。糖尿病酮症酸中毒也是一种临床常见急症[3]，患者由于体内胰岛素缺乏，导致自身糖和脂肪代谢紊乱，出现以高血糖、高酮血症、代谢性酸中毒等为主要表现的临床综合征[4]。以上所述两种急症若是合并出现，会对患者的生命安全造成嚴重威胁，所以在进行急救的同时进行全面具体的护理和健康教育对于患者的预后和医疗服务质量的提高都有十分积极的意义。该研究以该院自2017年1月—2019年6月收治的74例上消化道出血合并糖病酮症酸中毒患者为研究对象，对上消化道出血合并糖尿病酮症酸中毒的护理和健康教育方法进行了一些探讨，现报道如下。……