孙菀

摘要 利用常规观测资料、新一代多普勒雷达产品结合天气形势和实况对2017年2月21日发生在河南省驻马店地区的一次分别伴有强降雪和雷暴的暴雪天气过程和数据进行了详细分析。观测结果表明，此次连续降雪过程主要是因为受高空槽的东移运动影响，中低层暖湿空气和急流的连续快速输送和维持为此次过程提供了充沛的水汽，强风速急流带造成的上升运动引起强降雨和雷暴的连续发生;暴雪强风速反射率辐合因子造成的回波运动强度一直维持在40 dBZ以上，回波顶高在9 km以上;速度场上零速度线呈“S”形结构，风向随高度顺转，有暖平流存在;中低层“牛眼”结构是暴雪的显著特征;风廓线场上，中低层有明显的西南风急流和风垂直切变。

关键词 暴雪;基本反射率因子;相对径相速度;风廓线

中图分类号：P412.25;P458.12 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-3305（2020）02-073-03

DOI： 10.19383/j.cnki.nyzhyj.2020.02.028

Application of Doppler Radar Products in Blizzard Weather

SUN Yu（Zhumadian Meteorological Bureau，Zhumadian，Henan 463000）

Abstract Based on the conventional observation data，the new generation Doppler radar products and the weather situation and the actual situation，the snowstorm process and data with strong snow and thunderstorm in Zhumadian area of Henan Province on February 21，2017 were analyzed in detail. The results showed that the continuous snowfall process was mainly affected by the eastward movement of the high trough，and the continuous and rapid transportation and maintenance of the warm and humid air and jet in the middle and lower layers provided abundant water vapor for the process. The ascending movement caused by the strong wind speed jet belt caused the continuous occurrence of heavy rainfall and thunderstorm. The echo motion intensity caused by the strong wind speed reflectivity convergence factor of the blizzard had been maintained at above 40 dBZ，the echo top height was above 9 km. The zero velocity line in the velocity field was of "S" structure，the wind direction changed with the height，and there was warm advection. The "bulls eye" structure in the middle and lower layers was the significant feature of blizzard. In the wind profile field，there were obvious southwest jet and vertical wind shear in the middle and lower layers.

Key words   Blizzard;Basic reflectivity factor;Relative radial phase velocity;Wind profile

冬季暴雪是一种常见的灾害性降雪天气，伴有雷暴的冬季降雪俗称“雷打雪”，严重地影響人民的生活、交通运输和农业生产。一般情况下降雪出现在较稳定的天气条件下，而雷暴则在不稳定的对流云积云中产生，2种现象同时出现有重要的研究意义。新一代天气雷达能获得高时空分辨率的探测产品，为强降雪天气产生机制的分析提供较为有利的条件。国内有很多学者都对冬季暴雪进行了分析研究[1-12]。笔者通过对照常规气象观测资料，分析新一代天气雷达产品，为减少此类灾害性天气的发生提供一些参考依据。……