郝国瑞 田博

【摘  要】近年來，我国经济实力不断提升，贸易量持续上涨。随着货物贸易市场的扩大，从事货物贸易的企业所面临的一大问题就是如何获取资金以保障正常经营。不断增大的融资需求使货押逐渐成为企业向金融机构申请融资时一项主要的担保措施。货押贸易融资业务不断增加的同时，其风险不断暴露。论文从货押贸易融资的概念与方式入手，针对货押贸易融资所产生的政策法律风险、权属风险、重押风险等，提出完善押品登记手段、细化押品监管及货押贸易融资业务的管理流程、制定标准化监管流程、搭建监管信息共享平台等措施建议。

【Abstract】In recent years， China's economic strength has been improving， and the volume of trade has continued to rise. With the expansion of the market of goods trade， a major problem faced by enterprises engaged in goods trade is how to obtain funds to ensure normal operation. The increasing demand for financing makes the goods pledge gradually become a main guarantee measure when enterprises apply for financing from financial institutions. With the increasing number of trade financing business of goods pledge， its risks are exposed. This paper starts with the concept and method of trade financing of goods pledge， aiming at the policy and legal risks， ownership risks， and re pledge risks caused by trade financing of goods pledge， puts forward some measures and suggestions， such as improving the means of collateral registration， refining the management process of collateral supervision and trade financing business of goods pledge， formulating standardized supervision process， and building a supervision information sharing platform.

【关键词】货押;融资;风险;措施

【Keywords】goods pledge; financing; risks; measures

【中图分类号】F830.4                               【文献标志码】A                                   【文章编号】1673-1069（2020）01-0074-02

1 货押融资的概念

货押包括存货质押与存货抵押。通过货押方式融资即企业作为申请人为资金提供方（通常为银行）提供其认可的存货作为担保，进而向资金提供方申请以获取资金的行为。

存货质押包括动态质押（指银行在给中小企业提供的供应链融资服务中，接受信贷方质押的动产形式可以多样，质押的动产在不同阶段可以以不同的形式存在，如原材料、产成品或者应收账款等形式，这些动产之间可以相互置换，只要质押的动产价值在一个合理的范围内浮动以控制风险即可）与静态质押（指融资企业将抵押货物交给第三方物流、取得贷款后就不再变动，一直到抵押结束、贷款清偿后抵押物才能重新流通使用）。……