高波 李逸波

【摘  要】从乡村振兴的视角看，人才振兴将发挥重要的作用，农村劳动力转移与新型职业农民培训起到了稳定农民生活水平、支撑农业持续健康发展的重要贡献。在實践中，农村劳动力培育面临着以下困难：区域经济差异直接影响剩余劳动力转移成效，培训目标人群与参与人群存在着明显的差异，当地培训资源有限导致培训内容的针对性不足。为此提议：将农村劳动力培育作为一项长期任务开展规划设计，加大资源投入，促成培训内容的针对性和适用性，加大农村地区义务教育的投入，尽快缩短劳动力资源水平的城乡差异，为乡村振兴筑牢根基。

【Abstract】From the perspective of rural vitalization， the vitalization of talents will play an important role. The transfer of rural labor force and the new professional farmer training have played an important role in stabilizing the living standard of farmers and supporting the sustainable and healthy development of agriculture. In practice， the cultivation of rural labor force is faced with the following difficulties： regional economic differences directly affect the transfer effect of surplus labor force， there is an obvious difference between the training target population and the participating population， and the limited local training resources lead to insufficient pertinence of the training content. Therefore， it is suggested that the rural labor force cultivation should be planned and designed as a long-term task， resources should be invested more， training contents should be targeted and applicable， and compulsory education in rural areas should be invested more， so as to shorten the gap between urban and rural areas in the level of labor resources and lay a solid foundation for rural revitalization.

【关键词】乡村振兴;劳动力转移培训;新型职业农民培训

【Keywords】rural revitalization; labor transfer training; new type of professional farmer training

【中图分类号】F320                                【文献标志码】A                                   【文章编号】1673-1069（2020）01-0051-02

1 引言

人才是社会发展的基石，乡村振兴中人才振兴是关键。2020年中央一号文件，围绕“三农”事业的持续、高质量发展目标，强调了以农民为主体的乡村人才队伍建设的多元性、复杂性和持续性，制定了改善人才育成环境、依靠“存量”、吸引“外援”、覆盖“全域”的三大人才培育机制。如何用最快的时间弥补历史留下来的城乡教育“欠账”，构筑长期持续开展的乡村人才培育基础工程，需要对乡村人才振兴事业做系统而深入的分析。

2 人才培育是乡村振兴的支撑

回顾过去，乡村人才培育落后于国家人才培养的整体水平。高等教育为农村学子提供了外出求学的机会，也间接促成了农村地区人才的外流。……