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密闭消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定小麦样品中的Cr、Ni、Cd、As

2019-12-13袁润蕾于亚辉刘军陈浩凤程祎孙勇吴林海

当代化工 2019年8期
关键词:方法

袁润蕾 于亚辉 刘军 陈浩凤 程祎 孙勇 吴林海

摘      要:选用5 mL HNO3在140 ℃时对小麦样品进行密闭消解,并置于电热板上将NO2气体赶尽,定容至25 mL后,以In、Ge、Rh、Re为内标溶液,建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定小麦样品中Cr、Ni、Cd、As四种重金属污染元素的方法。通过对质谱干扰、试剂空白、消解温度及消解时间等方面进行深入探讨,确定了最佳试验方案。本方法具有空白值低、消解完全、污染小、效率高、可操作性强等优势,方法检出限为0.001~0.085 ?g/g,Cr、Ni、Cd、As的线性相关系数均大于等于0.999 9,采用实验方法对小麦粉成分分析标准物质NCS101017、NCS101018进行分析,相对标准偏差(RSD, n=12)为5.59%~14.44%,相对误差(RE, n=12)为-6.60%~9.96%。

关  键  词:密闭消解;电感耦合等离子体质谱法;小麦;重金属元素;铬(Cr);镍 (Ni);镉(Cd);砷(As)

中图分类号:O613,O614       文献标识码: A       文章编号: 1671-0460(2019)08-1901-04

Abstract: A method for the determination of Cr, Ni, Cd and As in wheat samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with In, Ge, Rh and Re as mixed internal standard solution was established. At first, airtight digestion of wheat samples was carried out with 5 mL HNO3 at 140 °C, and then the nitric oxide gas was removed from wheat samples with electric heating plate. At last, after constant volume to 25 mL, the contents of Cr, Ni, Cd and As in wheat samples were determined by ICP-MS with In, Ge, Rh and Re as internal standard solutions. The best test scheme was determined through in-depth discussion on mass spectrometry interference, reagent blank, digestion temperature and digestion time. The method had the advantages of low blank value, complete digestion, little pollution, high efficiency, and strong operability. The detection limit of the method was 0.001~0.085 ?g/g, and the linear correlation coefficients of Cr, Ni, Cd and As were all greater than or equal to 0.999 9. The method was used to analyze the standard substances NCS101017 and NCS101018 for the analysis of wheat flour. The relative standard deviation (RSD, n= 12) was 5.59 %~14.44 %, and the relative error (RE, n = 12) was -6.60 %~9.96 %.

Key word:Airtight digestion;Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry;Wheat;Heavy metal element;Chromium;Nickel; Cadmium;Arsenic

近年來,随着食品安全问题的日趋严重,食品的安全性也日益受到关注[1]。小麦是中国最重要的口粮之一,测定其中重金属元素的含量是判断粮食安全与否的重要依据[2,3]。

一般农产品的前处理方法主要为微波消解法、传统敞口电热板消解法和密闭消解法。微波消解法对一些元素存在溶出不完全,造成后期元素的测定含量偏低等因素[4,5];电热板消解法由于其敞开方式,存在诸多不利因素,如消解不完全、易污染、部分元素易挥发等等;而密闭消解法可实现试剂用量少、消解彻底、易挥发元素不损失、不污染环境、可操作性强等优点,达到小麦样品前处理分析的要求[6-7]。

农产品中重金属元素的检测方法包括:原子荧光法、紫外可见分光光度法、原子吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法等[8-12]。……

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