含裂纹容器的有限元分析
2019-12-13韦权权王政威杨溪荣罗惠敏
韦权权 王政威 杨溪荣 罗惠敏



摘 要:利用有限元通用软件ANSYS Workbench,建立容器的有限弹性体三维有限元模型,进行地震工况下不同裂纹长度、不同裂纹方向、不同支腿数量和不同容器高度下的应力分析,得到断裂力学中表征裂纹尖端附近应力场,进而得出以下结论:裂纹长轴长度和角度的变化对应力场影响;等效应力值随着裂纹长轴长度的变大显著变大,等效应力最大点随着裂纹长轴长度的变大由长轴边缘移到短轴边缘;等效应力值随着裂纹长轴角度的变大而变化,在22.5°时达到最大;等效应力最大点随着裂纹长轴角度的变大,由长轴边缘移到短轴边缘。
关 键 词:裂纹;有限元;容器;分析
中图分类号:TQ 052 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1671-0460(2019)08-1885-04
Abstract: Using ANSYS Workbench, a finite elastomer three-dimensional finite element model of the container was established. Stress analysis under different crack lengths, different crack directions, different number of legs and different height of the container was carried out under seismic conditions. The stress field near the crack tip was characterized in fracture mechanics, and the following conclusions were drawn: the change of the length and angle of the long axis of the crack affects the stress field; the equivalent stress value increases significantly with the increasing of the length of the long axis of the crack, and the maximum point of the equivalent stress moves from the edge of the long axis to the edge of the short axis with the increasing of the length of the long axis of the crack; the equivalent stress value changes with the increasing of the angle of the long axis of the crack, reaching its maximum at 22.5 degrees; the maximum point of equivalent stress moves from the edge of the long axis to the edge of the short axis with the increasing of the angle of the long axis of the crack.Key words: Crack; Finite element; Vessel; Analysis
在對炼油和化工装置的运行与定期检验中,常会发现部分容器存在裂纹缺陷。如果一旦发现容器的裂纹缺陷就立即停产检修或者报废处理,那么会存在不合理和不经济性。尤其是在储存大量危险介质的含裂纹储罐,其危险性大、波及面广;若其存在裂纹缺陷,我们如果能对缺陷的发展及可能造成的危险做出判断,那么我们就可以最大限度的发挥储罐的经济效益而不会发生危险。因此,工程界一直在努力寻找这种安全评定的准则。
在工程应用中,由于容器的实际结构通常都是有限弹性的,因此研究有限弹性的表面裂纹结构与实际相符更有研究意义。对于有限弹性体三维表面裂纹问题,目前国内外学者大都通过数值分析方法求出的。……
